Aiding sleep in type 2 diabetes: therapeutic considerations
Abstract
Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are more prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes than in the general population. Both insomnia and OSA have been linked to cardiometabolic alterations (eg, hypertension, increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and systemic insulin resistance) that can exacerbate the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Improvement of sleep in patients with diabetes could therefore aid the treatment of diabetes. To help health practitioners choose the best clinical tool to improve their patients' sleep without detrimentally affecting glucose regulation, this Review critically analyses the effects of common treatments for insomnia and OSA on both sleep and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. These treatments include pharmaceutical sleep aids (eg, benzodiazepine receptor agonists, melatonin) and cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, continuous positive airway pressure for OSA, and lifestyle interventions.
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Sleep extension and pharmacological treatments for sleep can improve sleep outcomes and possibly insulin resistance.
“There is also evidence that sleep extension and pharmacological treatments for sleep can improve sleep outcomes and possibly insulin resistance (443,445).”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:<i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [443]
Risk of hypoglycemia poses specific challenges for sleep in people with type 1 diabetes.
“Risk of hypoglycemia poses specific challenges for sleep in people with type 1 diabetes and may require targeted assessment and treatment approaches (443).”
From 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:<i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i> (2023) · cites this paper as [443]
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References 103 · Cited by 72
- Authors
- Tan, X., van Egmond, L., Chapman, C. D., Cedernaes, J., & Benedict, C.
- Affiliations
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Xiao
- Venue
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 60-68
- ISSN
- 2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2748852875
- Semantic Scholar
- 427bcb2a88dc492c5d154b1b61f2bb49deefdd17
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10
- FWCI
- 1.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF14OC0009349)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep aids, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, benzodiazepine receptor agonists, melatonin, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, continuous positive airway pressure, lifestyle intervention, cardiometabolic risk
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Prognosis, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
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