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Equality Unfulfilled: How Title IX's Policy Design Undermines Change to College Sports
Abstract
The year 1972 is often hailed as an inflection point in the evolution of women's rights. Congress passed Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, a law that outlawed sex-based discrimination in education. Many Americans celebrate Title IX for having ushered in an era of expanded opportunity for women's athletics; yet fifty years after its passage, sex-based inequalities in college athletics remain the reality. Equality Unfulfilled explains why. The book identifies institutional roadblocks – including sex-based segregation, androcentric organizational cultures, and overbearing market incentives – that undermine efforts to achieve systemic change. Drawing on surveys with student-athletes, athletic administrators, college coaches, members of the public, and fans of college sports, it highlights how institutions shape attitudes toward gender equity policy. It offers novel lessons not only for those interested in college sports but for everyone seeking to understand the barriers that any marginalized group faces in their quest for equality.
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“For instance, Druckman and Sharrow (2023) show that when women advance in governance organizations dominated by men, their preferences evolve away from pressing for equal opportunities (relative to those without commensurate positions).”
From How to study democratic backsliding (2024) · cites this paper as Druckman and Sharrow, 2023
In the citing paper
“For instance, Druckman and Sharrow (2023) show that sex segregation undermines the coalition building between males and females to address gender inequities.”
From How to study democratic backsliding (2024) · cites this paper as Druckman and Sharrow, 2023
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How to study democratic backsliding
Druckman, J. N. (2024) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.12942 · Cited by 56
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Metadata
- Authors
- Druckman, J. N., & Sharrow, E. A.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Venue
- Cambridge University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 2023-07-06
- OpenAlex
- W4383196920
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 12.52
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sports, Gender, and Society
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Sociology, History and Politics of Sport
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- Title IX, college athletics, gender equity, sex-based discrimination, women's sports, sex segregation, market incentives, institutional barriers, gender equity policy, student athletes, athletic directors, college coaches, sports fans
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