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Probability: Theory and Examples
Abstract
This lively introduction to measure-theoretic probability theory covers laws of large numbers, central limit theorems, random walks, martingales, Markov chains, ergodic theorems, and Brownian motion. Concentrating on results that are the most useful for applications, this comprehensive treatment is a rigorous graduate text and reference. Operating under the philosophy that the best way to learn probability is to see it in action, the book contains extended examples that apply the theory to concrete applications. This fifth edition contains a new chapter on multidimensional Brownian motion and its relationship to partial differential equations (PDEs), an advanced topic that is finding new applications. Setting the foundation for this expansion, Chapter 7 now features a proof of Itô's formula. Key exercises that previously were simply proofs left to the reader have been directly inserted into the text as lemmas. The new edition re-instates discussion about the central limit theorem for martingales and stationary sequences.
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“Sample size impacts pattern detection, following the Central Limit Theorem [10].”
From Mathematical proof of the Fisher-Escolà Q statistical distribution in quantum consciousness modeling (2025) · cites this paper as [10]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Durrett, R.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Durrett, Rick
- ORCID
- Durrett, Rick
- Venue
- Cambridge University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 2019-04-05
- OpenAlex
- W4211192810
- Cited by
- 857
- References
- 129
- Citations by year
- 2026: 129 · 2025: 171 · 2024: 141 · 2023: 139 · 2022: 123 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 11
- FWCI
- 24.53
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Mathematical Physics › Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Stochastic processes and financial applications
- Keywords
- measure-theoretic probability, law of large numbers, central limit theorem, random walks, martingales, Markov chains, ergodic theorem, Brownian motion, multidimensional Brownian motion, partial differential equations, Itô formula, stationary sequences
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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