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Thermal Field Theory
Abstract
Now in paperback, this text introduces the theoretical framework for describing the quark-gluon plasma, an important new state of matter. The first part of this book is a self-contained introduction to relativistic thermal field theory. Topics include the path integral approach, the real and the imaginary time formalisms, fermion fields and gauge fields at finite temperature. Useful techniques such as the evaluation of frequency sums or the use of cutting rules are illustrated on various examples. The second part of the book is devoted to recent developments, giving a detailed account of collective excitations (bosonic and fermionic), and showing how they give rise to energy scales which imply a reorganization of perturbation theory. The relation with kinetic theory is also explained. Applications to processes which occur in heavy ion collisions and in astrophysics are worked out in detail. Each chapter ends with exercises and a guide to the literature.
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“A summary of the results of these efforts mainly through the Pb + Pb experiments at SPS-CERN provided compelling evidence in favor of the existence of a new state of matter[23].”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“The excess of dileptons in the small invariant mass region cannot be explained by charged pion annihilation [23].”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“We summarize the observables that have been proposed as telltales of a QGP and the data gathered by the SPS from Pb + Pb and Pb + Au collisions, which taken together provide a hint of evidence [22, 23, 120, 129] for a QGP, although many of them could have alternative explanations.”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“The current understanding of these features is that the medium effects result in a shift in the ρ meson mass as well as a change in its width[23, 120, 135].”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [23]
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Items 101–200 of 899
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D -meson propagation in hot dense matter
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“We choose to work in the real time formalism (RTF) of thermal field theory [10].”
MethodGauge invariant definition of the jet quenching parameter
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Spectral function for overoccupied gluodynamics from real-time lattice simulations
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“Having introduced the relevant correlation functions, we provide a short summary of expressions that are derived within the HTL formalism at LO [8, 46].”
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Forming disoriented chiral condensates through fluctuations
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D’Eramo, F., Hajkarim, F., & Yun, S. (2021) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep10(2021)224 · Cited by 70
“The function JF and JB are defined as follows [112, 113]”
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“We refer to textbooks like [28] for more details.”
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Akamatsu, Y. (2013) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.87.045016 · Cited by 55
Effective field theory out of equilibrium: Brownian quantum fields
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Bound on the neutrino magnetic moment from chirality flip in supernovae
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“However, it is well known that at high temperature, a consistent formalism developed by Braaten and Pisarski [6,7], rendering gauge independent results, requires the use of effective propagators and vertices that resum the leading-temperature corrections.”
BackgroundInfluentialFinite temperature quark-gluon vertex with a magnetic field in the hard thermal loop approximation
Ayala, A., Cobos-Martínez, J. J., Loewe, M., Tejeda-Yeomans, M. E., & Zamora, R. (2015) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.91.016007 · Cited by 56
“As is well known, the purely thermal correction to the quark-gluon vertex is given by [27]”
BackgroundMethodChaudhuri, N., Ghosh, S., Sarkar, S., & Roy, P. K. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.99.116025 · Cited by 56
“[80] M.”
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Karsch, F., & Kitazawa, M. (2009) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.80.056001 · Cited by 54
Color Superconductivity at Moderate Baryon DensityPreprint
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Quasiparticle description of hot QCD at finite quark chemical potential
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Thermal photon production rate from nonequilibrium quantum field theory
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Semiclassical and Stochastic Gravity
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One-loop energy-momentum tensor in QED with electriclike background
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Quarkonium above deconfinement as an open quantum system
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Colloquium: Field theoretic description of ultrarelativistic electron-positron plasmas
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“Besides a non-perturbative method based on a numerical solution of the QCD equations (lattice QCD), perturbation theory at finite temperature has been used widely (Thoma, 1995a; Le Bellac, 1996).”
MethodNonequilibrium quantum dynamics of second order phase transitions
Kim, S. P., & Lee, C. H. (2000) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.62.125020 · Cited by 51
“Typeset using REVTEX I. INTRODUCTION A system can interact directly with an environment to make its coupling parameters depend explicitly on time.”
MethodDecay of a Yukawa fermion at finite temperature and applications to leptogenesis
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“also p0 = iωm = i(2m + 1)πT can be written as a Matsubara frequency and later on be continued analytically to real values of p0 [10,28,29].”
BackgroundResultStatus of rates and rate equations for thermal leptogenesis
Biondini, S., Bödeker, D., Nora Brambilla, A., Garny, M., Ghiglieri, J., Hohenegger, A., Laine, M., Mendizabal, S., Millington, P., Salvio, A., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Modern Physics A · doi:10.1142/s0217751x18420046 · Cited by 51
Thermal pion masses in the second phase: | μ I | > m π
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Charmonium spectral functions from 2+1 flavour lattice QCD
Borsányi, S., Dürr, S., Fodor, Z., Hoelbling, C., Katz, S. D., Krieg, S., Mages, S., Nógrádi, D., Pásztor, A., Schäfer, A., et al. (2014) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep04(2014)132 · Cited by 49
Self-consistent quasiparticle model for 2, 3, and ( 2+1 ) flavor QGP
Bannur, V. M. (2008) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.78.045206 · Cited by 49
Bazow, D., Denicol, G. S., Heinz, U., Martínez, M., & Noronha, J. L. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.94.125006 · Cited by 49
Lorentz-violating contributions of the Carroll-Field-Jackiw model to the CMB anisotropy
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Thermal effects on pure and hybrid inflation
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What Do Electromagnetic Plasmas Tell Us about the Quark-Gluon Plasma?
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Soft modes associated with chiral transition at finite temperature
Chiku, S., & Hatsuda, T. (1998) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.57.r6 · Cited by 49
Applicability of weak-coupling results in high density QCD
Rajagopal, K., & Shuster, E. (2000) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.62.085007 · Cited by 49
Dynamical and observational constraints on the warm little inflaton scenario
Mar Bastero-gil, A., Berera, A., Hernández–Jiménez, R., & Rosa, J. G. (2018) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.083502 · Cited by 47
Hard thermal loops, to quadratic order, in the background of a spatial ’t Hooft loop
Hidaka, Y., & Pisarski, R. D. (2009) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.80.036004 · Cited by 48
Nonrelativistic bound states at finite temperature. II. Muonic hydrogen
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“We will use the real-time formalism [30], which is mandatory for the study of the propagation of a (non-thermalised) non-relativistic system in a thermal bath.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRadiative heavy quark energy loss in a dynamical QCD medium
Djordjevic, M., & Heinz, U. (2008) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.77.024905 · Cited by 47
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Structure of the quark propagator at high temperatures
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Decay of massive fields in de Sitter space
Jatkar, D. P., Leblond, L., & Rajaraman, A. (2012) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.85.024047 · Cited by 46
Thermal photon production in a strongly coupled anisotropic plasma
Patiño, L., & Trancanelli, D. (2013) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep02(2013)154 · Cited by 46
“In general, photon production in differential form is given by the expression [15, 17, 42]”
BackgroundPodolsky electromagnetism at finite temperature: Implications on the Stefan-Boltzmann law
Bonin, C. A., Bufalo, R., Pimentel, B. M., et al. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.81.025003 · Cited by 46
Electrical conductivity of the quark-gluon plasma: perspective from lattice QCD
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Equation of state of deconfined matter within a dynamical quasiparticle description
Ivanov, Y. B., Skokov, V. V., & Тонеев, В. Д. (2005) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.71.014005 · Cited by 45
Perturbative nonequilibrium thermal field theory
Millington, P., & Apostolos Pilaftsis, A. (2013) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.88.085009 · Cited by 45
“6) as an evolution operator in negative imaginary time and using the cyclicity of the trace in the EEV, we derive the Kubo–Martin–Schwinger (KMS) relation (see for instance [97]) ∆>(x 0 − y,x− y) = ∆<(x − y + iβ,x− y) .”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialA MODEL STUDY OF THE EQUATION OF STATE OF QCD
Zong, H.-S., & Sun, W. (2008) · International Journal of Modern Physics A · doi:10.1142/s0217751x08040457 · Cited by 45
Opening the crystalline color superconductivity window
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Photon emission from a momentum-anisotropic quark-gluon plasma
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Particle number in kinetic theory
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Fluctuations in a Thermal Field and Dissipation of a Black Hole Spacetime: Far-Field Limit
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Non-Fermi-liquid specific heat of normal degenerate quark matter
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Plasmons, plasminos and Landau damping in a quasiparticle model of the quark-gluon plasma
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Shear viscosity of a pion gas resulting from ρππ and σππ interactions
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D’Eramo, F., Lekaveckas, M., Liu, H., et al. (2012) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1211.1922 · Cited by 42
Thermal photons from heavy ion collisions: A spectral function approach
Dusling, K., & Ismail Zahed, A. (2010) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.82.054909 · Cited by 39
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Chiral transition with magnetic fields
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Open quantum dynamics induced by light scalar fields
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Non-Fermi-liquid aspects of cold and dense QED and QCD: Equilibrium and nonequilibrium
Boyanovsky, D., & de Vega, H. J. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.034016 · Cited by 41
Decoherence in an interacting quantum field theory: Thermal case
Koksma, J. F., Prokopec, T., & Schmidt, M. G. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.085011 · Cited by 48
Instabilities of the small black hole: a view fromScript N = 4SYM
Hollowood, T. J., Kumar, S. P., & Naqvi, A. (2007) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2007/01/001 · Cited by 41
Quantisation across bubble walls and friction
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Damping rate of quasiparticles in degenerate ultrarelativistic plasmas
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Self-citationGeneral structure of gauge boson propagator and its spectra in a hot magnetized medium
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Decoherence in an interacting quantum field theory: The vacuum case
Koksma, J. F., Prokopec, T., & Schmidt, M. G. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.81.065030 · Cited by 52
Resonant optical second harmonic generation in graphene-based heterostructures
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Holographic dilepton production in a thermalizing plasma
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“[25]), dΓ d4Q = − αηΠμν(Q) 24π4Q2 , (3.”
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Local approximations for effective scalar field equations of motion
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Critical and tricritical points for the massless 2D Gross-Neveu model beyond large N
Kneur, J.-L., Pinto, M. B., & Ramos, R. O. (2006) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.74.125020 · Cited by 38
Ultrasoft amplitudes in hot QCD
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“Cy, 52.60.+h To appear in Nuclear Physics B aE-mail: blaizot@spht.saclay.cea.fr bLaboratoire de la Direction des Sciences de la Matière du Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique cE-mail: edmond.iancu@cern.ch”
BackgroundInfluentialChiral spin symmetry and the QCD phase diagram
Glozman, L. Y., Philipsen, O., & Pisarski, R. D. (2022) · The European Physical Journal A · doi:10.1140/epja/s10050-022-00895-4 · Cited by 39
Frequency dependence of the Chiral Vortical Effect
Landsteiner, K., Megías, E., & Peña-Benítez, F. (2014) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.90.065026 · Cited by 37
“By considering μ5 = 0 in the previous formula, we recover the standard result in the literature [41].”
ResultCharmonium spectral functions from 2+1 flavour lattice QCD
Borsányi, S., Dürr, S., Fodor, Z., Hoelbling, C., Katz, S. D., Krieg, S., Mages, S., Nógrádi, D., Pásztor, A., Andreas Schäfer, A., et al. (2014) · University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg) · Cited by 36
On charged black holes in anti-de Sitter space
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Unruh response functions for scalar fields in de Sitter space
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Dilepton and photon production in the presence of a nontrivial Polyakov loop
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Metadata
- Authors
- Le Bellac, M.
- Venue
- Cambridge University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 1996-08-01
- OpenAlex
- W4210557146
- Cited by
- 897
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 13.98
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Keywords
- thermal field theory, quark-gluon plasma, path integral, imaginary time formalism, real-time formalism, fermion fields, gauge fields, cutting rules, collective excitations, kinetic theory, heavy-ion collisions, astrophysical plasmas
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