Preliminary results from Glasgow International Radiocarbon Intercomparison
Open accessAbstract
GIRI (Glasgow International Radiocarbon Intercomparison) was designed to meet a number of objectives, including to provide an independent assessment of the analytical quality of the laboratory/measurement and an opportunity for a laboratory to participate and improve (if needed). The principles in the design of GIRI were to provide the following: (a) a series of unrelated individual samples, spanning the dating age range, (b) linked samples to earlier intercomparisons to allow traceability, (c) known age samples, to allow independent accuracy checks, (d) a small number of duplicates, to allow independent estimation of laboratory uncertainty, and (e) two categories of samples—bulk and individual—to support laboratory investigation of variability. All of the GIRI samples are natural (wood, peat, and grain), some are known age, and overall their age spans approx. >40,000 years BP to modern. The complete list of sample materials includes humic acid, whalebone, grain, single ring dendro-dated samples, dendro-dated wood samples spanning a number of rings (e.g., 10 rings), background and near background samples of bone and wood. We present an overview of the results received and preliminary consensus values for the samples supporting a more in-depth evaluation of laboratory performance and variability.
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The Groningen radiocarbon laboratory's reliability and excellent quality are underlined by its participation in international 14C intercomparisons and intercomparison dating.
“Regarding quality control, the Groningen radiocarbon laboratory always participates in international 14C intercomparisons, including the recent Glasgow International Radiocarbon Intercomparison (GIRI), see Scott et al. [101].”
From The Minoan Thera eruption predates Pharaoh Ahmose: Radiocarbon dating of Egyptian 17th to early 18th Dynasty museum objects (2025) · cites this paper as [101]
The Introduction describes participation in radiocarbon intercomparisons as part of quality assurance, and Preliminary Results reports that laboratories participated in GIRI. Our copy does not identify Groningen among them or establish that it always participates; a search for “Groningen” found no matching passage. It therefore cannot substantiate the laboratory-specific participation or quality claim. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Naysmith P, Scott EM, Dunbar E, Cook GT. 2019. Humics -their history in the radiocarbon inter-comparisons studies. Radiocarbon, 61(5):1413-1422.
- Scott, E.M. , Naysmith, P. and Cook, G. (2022) What lies behind radiocarbon intercomparisons and the design of the new intercomparison, GIRI? Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 525, pp. 62-66. (doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2022.06.015) · DOI
- Scott, E.M. , Naysmith, P. and Cook, G.T. (2017) Should archaeologists care about 14C inter- comparisons? Why? A summary report on SIRI. Radiocarbon, 59(5), pp. 1589- 1596. (doi: 10.1017/RDC.2017. · DOI
- Thompson M (2022). Assigned Values in the GeoPT Proficiency Testing Scheme. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research 46(1), 37-41.
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Bruins, H. J., & van der Plicht, J. (2025) · PLOS One · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0330702 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Regarding quality control, the Groningen radiocarbon laboratory always participates in international 14 C intercomparisons, including the recent Glasgow International Radiocarbon Intercomparison (GIRI), see Scott et al. [101].”
- Authors
- Scott, E. M., Naysmith, P., & Dunbar, E.
- Affiliations
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Scott, E M
- ORCID
- Venue
- Radiocarbon
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2023-08-14
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1302-1309
- ISSN
- 0033-8222 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-5755
- OpenAlex
- W4385809941
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 2.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- eprints.gla.ac.uk
- Licence
- Locations
- Radiocarbon (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques
- Keywords
- laboratory performance evaluation, measurement uncertainty, traceability, dendrochronology, grain samples, humic acid, whalebone, consensus values
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