The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet.
Collective Self-Determination, Territory and the Wet'suwet’en: What Justifies the Political Authority of Historic Indigenous Governments over Land and People?
Open accessAbstract
This article examines the Wet'suwet’en people's struggle for territorial control over their traditional homeland from the normative perspective of collective self-determination. I focus on two interlocking philosophical questions that arise in examination of the case: the justification for a group's right to control territory and the justification for the right of political institutions and officials within those institutions to make and enforce law for the occupants of the territory. I argue that, pursuant to the collective self-determination theory of territorial rights, the legitimate representatives of the Wet'suwet’en people must reflect the people's shared will. After describing the traditional governance system of the Wet'suwet’en people, I argue that there is nothing in principle preventing the hereditary chiefs from reflecting the shared will of the Wet'suwet’en people (as I argue electoral democracy is not always necessary for collective self-determination). I illustrate several reasons why hereditary leaders could reflect the shared will of Wet'suwet’en people better than alternative political authorities, while demonstrating that the political authority of any Wet'suwet’en governance system depends upon the actual endorsement of Wet'suwet’en people themselves.
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“Territory theorists argue that political domination persists because settler governments continue to deny Indigenous political communities ' 6 status as nations who are entitled to many, if not all, the jurisdictional rights currently exercised by modern states.”
From Reorienting Territorial Rights: The Case for Grounded Normative Theory (2024) · cites this paper as Luoma, 2022
In the citing paper
“These are inherent rights that derive from Indigenous political communities ' morally significant relationships with their territories and their political will and institutional capacity to govern themselves through their own institutions and to represent their interests internationally (Luoma, 2022; Moore, 2015; Nine, 2022; Simmons, 2016; Stilz, 2019a, 2019b).”
From Reorienting Territorial Rights: The Case for Grounded Normative Theory (2024) · cites this paper as Luoma, 2022
In the citing paper
“This makes collective self-determination compatible with a variety of political systems, including, as Luoma (2022) has recently shown, the hereditary system of the Wet ' suwet ' en.”
From Reorienting Territorial Rights: The Case for Grounded Normative Theory (2024) · cites this paper as Luoma, 2022
Citations
Cites
Coulthard, G. S., & Alfred, T. (2010) · University of Minnesota Press eBooks · doi:10.5749/9781452942421 · Cited by 4,091
Red Skin, White Masks: Rejecting the Colonial Politics of Recognition
Coulthard, G. S., & Alfred, T. (2014) · doi:10.5749/minnesota/9780816679645.001.0001 · Cited by 4,011
As We Have Always Done: Indigenous Freedom through Radical Resistance
SIMPSON, L. B. (2017) · doi:10.5749/j.ctt1pwt77c · Cited by 2,010
Justice, Legitimacy, and Self-Determination
Buchanan, A. E. (2003) · doi:10.1093/0198295359.001.0001 · Cited by 692
Grounded Normativity / Place-Based Solidarity
Coulthard, G., & Simpson, L. B. (2016) · American Quarterly · doi:10.1353/aq.2016.0038 · Cited by 525
Hunters and bureaucrats: power, knowledge, and aboriginal-state relations in the southwest Yukon
(2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-5379 · Cited by 512
A Political Theory of Territory
Moore, M. (2015) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190222246.001.0001 · Cited by 442
Territorial Rights: Concept and Justification
Miller, D. E. (2011) · Political Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.2011.00911.x · Cited by 381
The Moral Standing of States: A Response to Four Critics
Walzer, M. (1986) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780691241869-012 · Cited by 361
Equal recognition: the moral foundations of minority rights
(2015) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.186770 · Cited by 352
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Mills, 2001, Sacred Land and Coming Back: How Gitxsan and Witsuwit'en Reincarnation Stretches Western Boundaries, Canadian Journal of Native Studies, 21, 309
- Moore, 2019, Who Should Own Natural Resources?
- Alfred, 2001, Deconstructing the British Columbia Treaty Process, Balayi: Culture, Law, and Colonialism:, 3, 37
- Press, Canadian . 2021. “Wet'suwet’en Rights, Title Talks Has Moved Slower than Parties Would Have Liked.” Globe and Mail, September 3. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/british-columbia/article-wetsuweten-rights-title-talks-has-moved-slower-than-parties-would-have/.
- Napoleon, 2013, Dialogues on Human Rights and Legal Pluralism, ed. René Provost and Colleen Sheppard. Vol. 17 of Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice
- Borrows, 2016, Freedom and Indigenous Constitutionalism
- Morin, 2011, Niwhts'ide’nï hibi'it’ën = The Ways of Our Ancestors: Witsuwit'en History and Culture throughout the Millennia
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Luoma, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Political Science · doi:10.3389/fpos.2024.1478530 · Cited by 4
Self-citationTerritorial justice as structural justice: settler colonialism and territorial rights theory
Jourdeuil, K. (2025) · Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy · doi:10.1080/13698230.2025.2528390 · Cited by 3
Reorienting Territorial Rights: The Case for Grounded Normative Theory
Jourdeuil, K. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0008423924000416 · Cited by 2
Group-differentiated rights for Indigenous communities that straddle borders
Luoma, M. (2024) · Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy · doi:10.1080/13698230.2024.2436264 · Cited by 1
Self-citationTerritorial rights, domination, and Indigenous-state treaty negotiations
Luoma, M. (2025) · Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy · doi:10.1080/13698230.2025.2528391 · Cited by 1
Self-citationMargaret Moore: A Political Theory of Territory
Jourdeuil, K. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68846-6_424-1
Introduction: territorial rights: new directions and challenges
Moore, M. R., & Ugalde, E. G. (2025) · Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy · doi:10.1080/13698230.2025.2528384
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.001.0001
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.003.0007
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.003.0006
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.003.0004
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.003.0001
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.003.0003
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.002.0004
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.003.0002
Hendrix, B. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960980.003.0005
Indigenous land stewards in British Columbia : ways of caring for the land
Lin, S. K. (2024) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0441442
Decolonizing Democratic Theory: A Democratic Case for Unelected Indigenous Governments
Sherwin, D., & Ferris, D. H. (2026) · Canadian Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0008423925100978
Duquesnay, K. (2026) · Archipel (Université du Québec à Montréal)
Why Conservation-Induced Displacement is Wrong
Ezugwu, R. O. (2026) · Res Publica · doi:10.1007/s11158-026-09794-7
Metadata
- Authors
- Luoma, M.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Luoma, Michael
- ORCID
- Luoma, Michael
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Political Science
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2022-02-23
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-39
- ISSN
- 0008-4239 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-9324
- OpenAlex
- W4214751577
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 24.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Political Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Law › Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Indigenous Cultures and History
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Political Philosophy and Ethics
- Keywords
- collective self-determination, Wet'suwet'en, territorial rights, indigenous political authority, hereditary chiefs, Indigenous governance, electoral democracy, Indigenous land claims, political legitimacy
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