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The False Joseph II
Abstract
‘Since I have ascended the throne, and wear the first diadem in the world, I have made philosophy the legislator of my empire.’ Of all the sayings attributed to the Emperor Joseph II, this is easily the most hackneyed. It figures in many surveys of eighteenth-century history, whether old like W. O. Hassall's and A. H. Johnson's or new like those by Stuart Andrews, Maurice Ashley, R. W. Harris and E. N. Williams; in what is regarded as the best biography of Joseph in German, by Viktor Bibl; in the most extended and best known Life in English, Saul K. Padover'sThe Revolutionary Emperor; in Herbert H. Rowen's collection of documents,From Absolutism to Revolution; in Albert Sorel'sL'Europe et la Révolution française; in Victor-L. Tapié'sThe Rise and Fall of the Habsburg Monarchy; and in the recent monograph by Walter W. Davis,Joseph II: An Imperial Reformer for the Austrian Netherlands. The remark is the first sentence of a letter which the emperor is supposed to have written to Cardinal Herzan, his minister in Rome, in October 1781, and which goes on:
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“Two other Jesuits implicated in the alleged plot, João Alexandre (dates unknown) and João de Matos (dates unknown), died in the prison of Junqueira.9”
From The Years of Jesuit Suppression, 1773–1814: Survival, Setbacks, and Transformation (2020) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“A few months later, the National Constituent Assembly suppressed all religious orders, and the status of their members remained extremely vulnerable through the period of the Terror (during which at least forty ex-Jesuits were killed).”
From The Years of Jesuit Suppression, 1773–1814: Survival, Setbacks, and Transformation (2020) · cites this paper as [143]
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No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 151
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Cited by
The Years of Jesuit Suppression, 1773–1814: Survival, Setbacks, and Transformation
Shore, P. (2020) · Brill Research Perspectives in Jesuit Studies · doi:10.1163/25897454-12340005 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Beales, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Beales, Derek
- Venue
- The Historical Journal
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1975-09
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 467-495
- ISSN
- 0018-246X (ISSN-L)
- 1469-5103
- OpenAlex
- W2044566568
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2015: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Historical Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Central European national history
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › European Political History Analysis
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Historical Studies on Spain
- Keywords
- Joseph II, Habsburg Monarchy, 18th-century Austria, absolutism, Enlightenment reforms, Habsburg court, historiography
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