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An Energy and Mass Model of Snow Cover Suitable for Operational Avalanche Forecasting
Open accessAbstract
Abstract A numerical model has been developed to simulate energy and mass evolution of snow cover at a given location, as a function of meteorological conditions: precipitation, air temperature, humidity, wind velocity, and incoming short-wave and long-wave radiation. This model, named CROCUS, was first tested on a well-instrumented field during a whole winter, showing its ability to simulate the important phenomena affecting the evolution of the snow layers: high temperature gradients, wetting, compaction, and melting-freezing cycles. A second test was conducted at two locations in the French network used for operational avalanche forecasting. Though the weather observations are made there only twice daily, the snow profiles calculated by the model were very close to those obtained once a week by a pit observation. CROCUS proved itself sufficient to be considered now as a useful objective tool for operational avalanche forecasting.
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Citations
Cited by
Schweizer, J., Bruce Jamieson, J., & Schneebeli, M. (2003) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2002rg000123 · Cited by 774
A physical SNOWPACK model for the Swiss avalanche warning
Lehning, M., Bartelt, P., Brown, B., & Fierz, C. (2002) · Cold Regions Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/s0165-232x(02)00072-1 · Cited by 586
Metadata
- Authors
- Brun, E., Martin, É., Simon, V., Gendre, C., & Coléou, C.
- Venue
- Journal of Glaciology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 1989-01-01
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 121
- Pages
- 333-342
- ISSN
- 0022-1430 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1249345106
- Cited by
- 646
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An Energy and Mass Model of Snow Cover Suitable for Operational Avalanche Forecasting. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1017/s0022143000009254
- The paper
- Brun, E., Martin, É., Simon, V., Gendre, C., & Coléou, C. (1989). An Energy and Mass Model of Snow Cover Suitable for Operational Avalanche Forecasting. Journal of Glaciology. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000009254
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
