Alternative Methods for Cellulose Preparation for AMS Measurement
Open accessAbstract
The main methods applied to clean plant material for radiocarbon dating are not compound-specific and generally remove only the easily exchangeable components by an acid-base-acid sequence and additional optional steps like Soxhlet extraction to remove resins and oxidative bleaching with NaClO 2 . The products are normally clean enough for standard 14 C measurement, but in some cases it is desirable to have pure cellulose, which remains unchanged and immobile over longer time ranges, better representing the original plant material. In this work, 2 more compound-specific but still simple methods were tested to separate the cellulose from wood. The viscose method is based on the xanthification process used in the textile industry, where the alkali-cellulose with CS 2 forms a soluble cellulose xanthate, which is then extracted and cellulose is recovered. The second procedure is based on the wood/cellulose dissolution in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [BMIM]Cl, when the dissolved cellulose could be precipitated again by simply adding a water-acetone mixture. This process was recently reported, but still not used in sample preparation procedures for 14 C dating.
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Pretreatment and processing of samples and their AMS 14C dating at the ETH laboratory followed methods previously described for similar wood/charcoal samples.
“Pretreatment and processing of samples and their AMS 14C dating at the ETH laboratory followed methods previously described for similar wood/charcoal samples4,44,65,66.”
From Radiocarbon offsets and old world chronology as relevant to Mesopotamia, Egypt, Anatolia and Thera (Santorini) (2020) · cites this paper as [65]
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- Authors
- Němec, M., Wacker, L., Hajdas, I., & Gäggeler, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Bern (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Němec, Mojmír
- Venue
- Radiocarbon
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1358-1370
- ISSN
- 0033-8222 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-5755
- OpenAlex
- W2117915595
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Radiocarbon (publishedVersion)
- UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Tree-ring climate responses
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology › Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Keywords
- cellulose extraction, radiocarbon dating, sample preparation, wood, xanthation, ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, oxidative bleaching
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