The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comparison of antimicrobial effects of dexmedetomidine and etomidate-lipuro with those of propofol and midazolam
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of dexmedetomidine and etomidate-lipuro, and to compare these effects with those of midazolam and propofol on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli ( E. coli ESBL). METHODS: All hypnotic dilutions were exposed to micro-organisms for 0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min at room temperature in vitro. The inoculums taken from diluted suspensions were re-inoculated on blood agar and incubated for 18-24 h at 35 degrees C after which a count of the colonies was compared. RESULTS: Midazolam reduced the viable cells of S. aureus at 30, 60, 120 and 240 min, and also completely inhibited the growth of E. coli, P. aeroginosa, A. baumannii and E. coli ESBL. Dexmedetomidine, etomidate-lipuro and propofol, however, did not inhibit any of the micro-organisms tested. CONCLUSION: In vitro, midazolam had an antimicrobial effect on E. coli, P. aeroginosa, A. baumannii and E. coli ESBL. Like propofol and dexmedetomidine, etomidate-lipuro had no antimicrobial effect on any of the micro-organisms tested.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“| Midazolam (promotes the action of GABA) | C. albicans, S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii | 95 µM-12 mM (31.25-4000 µg/mL) | Inhibits growth, hyphae formation, and biofilm growth, inhibits bacterial growth | [76-78] |”
From Antimicrobial Properties of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics—Possibilities and Implications (2021) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“| Midazolam (promotes the action of GABA) | C. albicans, S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii | 95 µM-12 mM (31.25-4000 µg/mL) | Inhibits growth, hyphae formation, and biofilm growth, inhibits bacterial growth | [76-78] |”
From Antimicrobial Properties of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics—Possibilities and Implications (2021) · cites this paper as [78]
Citations
Cites
Bhana, N., Goa, K. L., & McClellan, K. J. (2000) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-200059020-00012 · Cited by 648
Growth of Staphylococcus aureus in Four Intravenous Anesthetics
Sosis, M. B., & Braverman, B. (1993) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/00000539-199310000-00019 · Cited by 81
Microbial Growth and Endotoxin Production in the Intravenous Anesthetic Propofol
Arduino, M. J., Bland, L. A., McAllister, S. K., Aguero, S. M., Villarino, M. E., McNeil, M. M., Jarvis, W. R., & Favero, M. S. (1991) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.2307/30145228 · Cited by 72
Growth of Microorganisms in Propofol, Thiopental, and a 1
CROWTHER, J. A., Hrazdil, J., Jolly, D. T., Galbraith, J. C., Greacen, M., & Grace, M. (1996) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1097/00000539-199603000-00008 · Cited by 71
Solvent for etomidate may cause pain and adverse effects
Doenicke, Α., Roizen, M. F., Hoernecke, R., Lorenz, W., & Ostwald, P. (1999) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/83.3.464 · Cited by 71
Impact of pH and cationic supplementation on in vitro postantibiotic effect
Guðmundsson, A., Erlendsdóttir, H., Gottfreðsson, M., & Gudmundsson, S. R. (1991) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.35.12.2617 · Cited by 58
Tessler, M. J., Dascal, A., Gioseffini, S., Miller, M., & Mendelson, J. H. (1992) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/bf03008718 · Cited by 56
Growth of micro‐organisms in solutions of intravenous anaesthetic agents
BERRY, C. B., GILLESPIE, T., HOOD, J., & Scott, N. B. (1993) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb06786.x · Cited by 46
Growth of Staphylococcus aureus in Diprivan and Intralipid
Langevin, P. B., Gravenstein, N. L., Doyle, T. J., Roberts, S. A., Skinner, S., Langevin, S. O., & Gulig, P. A. (1999) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199911000-00032 · Cited by 45
Growth of Escherichia coli in propofol, lidocaine, and mixtures of propofol and lidocaine
Sakuragi, T., Yanagisawa, K., Shirai, Y., & Dan, K. (1999) · Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1399-6576.1999.430418.x · Cited by 36
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Sosis, 1993, Anesth Analg, 77, 766
- Farrington, 1994, naesth, 72, 415
- Graystone, 1997, are, 25, 640
- Magee, 1995, Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl, 12, 41
- Crowther, 1996, Anesth Analg, 82, 475
Cited by
Antimicrobial Properties of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics—Possibilities and Implications
Caldara, M., & Marmiroli, N. (2021) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph14090915 · Cited by 54
Sá, L. G. D. A. V., da Silva, C. R., Neto, J. B. D. A., do Nascimento, F. B. S. A., Barroso, F. D. D., da Silva, L. J., Cabral, V. P. D. F., Barbosa, A. D., Silva, J., Marinho, E. S., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001241 · Cited by 25
Antimicrobial effects of two anaesthetic agents: Dexmedetomidine and midazolam
Ayoglu, H., Kulah, C., & Turan, I. (2008) · Anaesthesia and Intensive Care · doi:10.1177/0310057x0803600508 · Cited by 21
Emerging Anesthetic Nanomedicines: Current State and Challenges
Zhang, S., Wang, Y., Zhang, S., Huang, C., Ding, Q., Xia, J., Wu, D., & Gao, W. (2023) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s417855 · Cited by 19
Dugan, A. L., Gregerson, K. A., Neely, A. N., Gardner, J., Noel, G. J., Babcock, G. F., & Horseman, N. D. (2010) · Journal of Burn Care & Research · doi:10.1097/bcr.0b013e3181cb8e82 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Keleş, G. T., Kurutepe, S., Tok, D., Gazi, H., & Dinç, G.
- Affiliations
- Manisa Celal Bayar University (TR)
- Corresponding author
- Keleş, G. T.
- Tok, D.
- Venue
- European Journal of Anaesthesiology
- Published
- 2006-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1037-1040
- ISSN
- 0265-0215 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2110582171
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 1.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Anaesthesiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antimicrobial agents and applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Keywords
- dexmedetomidine, propofol, midazolam, antimicrobial activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, anesthetic agents, bacterial growth inhibition
- MeSH terms
- Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Anti-Infective Agents, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Equipment Contamination, Escherichia coli, Etomidate, Humans, Midazolam, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Temperature, Time Factors, Propofol, Anesthetics, Intravenous, Dexmedetomidine, Acinetobacter baumannii
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
