The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Focus-on-Form and Corrective Feedback in Communicative Language Teaching: Effects on Second Language Learning
Abstract
The developing oral English of approximately 100 second language learners (four intact classes) was examined in this study. The learners were native speakers of French (aged 10–12 years) who had received a 5-month intensive ESL course in either grade 5 or grade 6 in elementary schools in Quebec. A large corpus of classroom observation data was also analyzed. Substantial between-class differences were found in the accuracy with which students used such English structures as progressive -ing and adjective–noun order in noun phrases. There was some evidence that these differences (which were not correlated with performance on listening comprehension tests) were due to differences in teachers' form-focused instruction. These findings are discussed in terms of current competing views of the role of form-focused instruction in second language learning.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Manipulating and Complementing Content Teaching To Maximize Second Language Learning
Swain, M. (1988) · TESL Canada Journal · doi:10.18806/tesl.v6i1.542 · Cited by 297
Functional Grammar in French Immersion: A Classroom Experiment1
HARLEY, B. (1989) · Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1093/applin/10.3.331 · Cited by 269
Research works printed but not linked: 44
- 10.1017/S0272263100008408 · DOI
- Pienemann, 1985, Modelling and assessing second language acquisition, 23
- 10.1017/S0142716400007827 · DOI
- 10.1075/tsl.5.05gas · doi:10.1075/tsl.5.05gas
- 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1988.tb00411.x · DOI
- Higgs, 1982, Curriculum, competence and the foreign language teacher, 57
- Lightbown, 1978, Performance on an oral communication task by francophone ESL learners, SPEAQ Journal, 2, 35
- 10.18806/tesl.v1i2.435 · doi:10.18806/tesl.v1i2.435
- 10.1017/S0272263100007324 · DOI · Paper page
- Lightbown, 1983, Language development at the crossroads, 101
- 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1986.tb00559.x · DOI
- 10.2307/3586832 · DOI
- Prabhu, 1987, Second language pedagogy
- Savignon, 1972, Communicative competence: An experiment in foreign-language teaching
- Paris L. (1987). Some aspects of the second language development of children in intensive programs. Unpublished master's thesis, Concordia University, Montreal.
- Allen, 1984, On TESOL' 83, 231
- 10.1017/CBO9781139524568.007 · DOI · Paper page
- Krashen, 1982, Principles and practice in second language acquisition
- 10.1093/elt/39.2.121 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0272263100004137 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2307/3586771 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1540-4781.1987.tb00378.x · DOI · Paper page
- Krashen, 1984, Immersion: Why it works and what it has taught us, Language and Society, 12, 61
- Schachter, 1982, On TESOL '82: Pacific perspectives on language learning and teaching, 175
- Harley, 1984, Interlanguage, 291
- Krashen, 1985, The input hypothesis: Issues and implications
- Lightbown, 1983, Classroom-oriented research in second language acquisition, 217
- 10.1111/j.1467-971X.1987.tb00201.x · DOI
- 10.1093/applin/8.2.95 · DOI · Paper page
- Lightbown, Foreign language pedagogy research: A commemorative volume for Claus Faerch
- Lightbown, 1987, Learning English in intensive programs in Quebec schools (1986–87): Report on the first year of research
- Long, 1988, Issues in second language acquisition: Multiple perspectives, 115
- Martens M. J. (1988). Recognition and production of pronouns by francophone learners of English as a second language. Unpublished master's thesis, Concordia University, Montreal.
- Pienemann M. (1987). Determining the influence of instruction on L2 speech processing. Paper presented at the colloquium of the Scientific Commission on Second Language Acquisition at the Eighth AILA Congress, Sydney, Australia. · DOI
- Rutherford, 1987, Second language grammar: Learning and teaching
- Rutherford, 1988, Grammar and second language teaching
- 10.1093/applin/8.2.137 · DOI
- Spada, 1990, Second language teacher education: Content and process
- White L. (1989, August). Adverb placement in SLA: Some effects of consciousness raising. Paper presented at the Language Acquisition Research Symposium, Utrecht, Holland.
- Spada, ELT Documents: Special issue on classroom centered research
- 10.18806/tesl.v7i1.557 · DOI
- Swain, 1985, Input in second language acquisition, 235
- White, 1990, Learning, keeping and using language
- Zobl, 1985, Input in second language acquisition, 329
Cited by
The Role of the Linguistic Environment in Second Language Acquisition
Long, M. H. (1996) · Handbook of Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1016/b978-012589042-7/50015-3 · Cited by 3,927
Effectiveness of L2 instruction: A research synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis
Norris, J. M., & Ortega, L. (2000) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/0023-8333.00136 · Cited by 2,569
CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK AND LEARNER UPTAKE: Negotiation of Form in Communicative Classrooms
Lyster, R., & Ranta, L. (1997) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263197001034 · Cited by 2,629
Pica, T. (1994) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1994.tb01115.x · Cited by 1,200
Oral corrective feedback in second language classrooms
Lyster, R., Saito, K., & Sato, M. (2013) · Language Teaching · doi:10.1017/s0261444812000365 · Cited by 741
Metadata
- Authors
- Lightbown, P. M., & Spada, N.
- Venue
- Studies in Second Language Acquisition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1990-12
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 429-448
- ISSN
- 0272-2631 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-1545
- OpenAlex
- W2022942752
- Cited by
- 586
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 74.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Focus-on-Form and Corrective Feedback in Communicative Language Teaching: Effects on Second Language Learning. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1017/s0272263100009517
- The paper
- Lightbown, P. M., & Spada, N. (1990). Focus-on-Form and Corrective Feedback in Communicative Language Teaching: Effects on Second Language Learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100009517
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.