The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
After Egypt: The Limits and Promise of Online Challenges to the Authoritarian Arab State
Abstract
The uprisings which swept across the Arab world beginning in December 2010 pose a serious challenge to many of the core findings of the political science literature focused on the durability of the authoritarian Middle Eastern state. The impact of social media on contentious politics represents one of the many areas which will require significant new thinking. The dramatic change in the information environment over the last decade has changed individual competencies, the ability to organize for collective action, and the transmission of information from the local to the international level. It has also strengthened some of the core competencies of authoritarian states even as it has undermined others. The long term evolution of a new kind of public sphere may matter more than immediate political outcomes, however. Rigorous testing of competing hypotheses about the impact of the new social media will require not only conceptual development but also the use of new kinds of data analysis not traditionally adopted in Middle East area studies.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This surveillance can take many forms and allows governments to harvest intelligence that can be used to target coercion (13, 30, 53–56).”
From Physical and virtual repertoires of contention (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
Citations
Cites
McAdam, D., Tarrow, S., & Tilly, C. (2001) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511805431 · Cited by 5,558
Benkler, Y. R. (2017) · Yale University Press eBooks · doi:10.12987/9780300127232 · Cited by 3,726
Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War
Levitsky, S., & Way, L. A. (2010) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511781353 · Cited by 3,459 · cited 1×
“2 For comparative perspective, see Levitsky and Way 2010 and Slater 2010.”
BackgroundThe wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom
Given, J. (2007) · Information Economics and Policy · doi:10.1016/j.infoecopol.2007.03.001 · Cited by 3,396
Castells, M. (2009) · Cited by 2,619
The New Transnational Activism
Tarrow, S. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511791055 · Cited by 2,494
Here comes everybody: the power of organizing without organizations
(2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-1205 · Cited by 2,312
Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War
Levitsky, S., & Way, L. A. (2001) · Cited by 2,166
The net delusion: the dark side of Internet freedom
Murphy, D. M. (2011) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.48-7161 · Cited by 1,907
The Political Power of Social Media
Shirky, C. (2010) · Foreign Affairs · Cited by 1,530
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Zuckerman, 2011, The First Twitter Revolution?, Foreign Policy
- Lynch, 2006, Voices of the New Arab Public: Al-Jazeera, Iraq, and Arab Politics Today
- Latar Noam , Asmolov Gregory , and Gekker Alex . 2010. State Cyber Advocacy. Working Paper for the Tenth Annual Herzliya Conference. (http://www.herzliyaconference.org/_Uploads/3035Newmediafinal.pdf), accessed March 8, 2011.
- Eickelman, 2003, New Media in the Middle East: The Emerging Public Sphere
- Tarrow, 1996, Contentious Politics
- Wheeler, 2006, The Internet in the Middle East
- Aday, 2010, Blogs and Bullets: New Media in Contentious Politics
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–388 of 388
Identifying Beliefs and Inferences
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.003.0003
Technological Foundations of Political InstabilityPreprint
Dagaev, D., Sobolev, A., Konstantin, S., & Lamberova, N. (2013) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics
Spontaneity and Civil Resistance
Cheng, E. W. (2020) · Amsterdam University Press eBooks · doi:10.5117/9789463723343_ch02
The Mobilization Chain Under Authoritarian Rule
Ruijgrok, K. (2021) · The theories, concepts and practices of democracy · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68325-2_2
Ruijgrok, K. (2021) · The theories, concepts and practices of democracy · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68325-2_8
Step 3: Internet Use and Being Motivated to Join an Anti-Government Protest
Ruijgrok, K. (2021) · The theories, concepts and practices of democracy · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68325-2_6
Within and Beyond the Fourth Generation
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.003
Social Media and the Growth of Disc Golf
Woods, J. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76457-9_6
Turta, E. (2021) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University)
Echkaou, H., & Juarez-Paz, A. V. O. (2021) · The Journal of North African Studies · doi:10.1080/13629387.2021.1978292
The ASIANetwork Exchange: A Journal for Asian Studies in the Liberal Arts Volume 19, No. 1
Trivedi, E. M. A. L. (2012) · ASIANetwork Exchange A Journal for Asian Studies in the Liberal Arts · doi:10.16995/ane.66
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.003.0006
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.009
How Communication Technologies Function as Platforms and Pathways to Civic and Political Engagement
McCarthy-Latimer, C., & Kendrick, J. R. (2018) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-7669-3.ch005
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.005
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.006
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.002 · Cited by 1
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.001
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.007
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.004
(2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.010
Yuan, Y. (2020) · Advances in public policy and administration (APPA) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-1828-1.ch011
Tarrying with the Leviathan: body and temporality in modern EgyptPreprint
Mikhail, M. (2019) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/yf2we
Bunce, V. J. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139236737.025
Medien und internationale Politik
Wesel, R. (2015) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-531-19954-2_46-1
The Formation of Consensus in Iranian Online Communities
Honari, A. (2018) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-5201-7.ch062
Hudson, L., & Iskandar, A. (2014) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137403155_1
The Developmental Effect of a New Political Anomaly on the Oldest ICT
Takavarasha, S., & Masunungure, E. V. (2014) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6433-3.ch094
When Citizens in Authoritarian States Use Facebook for Social Ties but Not Political Participation
Wakabi, W. (2018) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-7669-3.ch057
Social Tyranny and Democratic Governance in the Information Age
Ward, A. C. (2015) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-9461-3.ch006
Ruijgrok, K. (2021) · The theories, concepts and practices of democracy · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68325-2_1
Tabor, S. (2019) · New Media and Mass Communication · doi:10.7176/nmmc/79-01
Leadership in the Age of Social Media
Smith, J. B. (2015) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-8614-4.ch073
Political Information, Political Power, and People Power
Alahmed, A. (2014) · Advances in human and social aspects of technology book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6066-3.ch001
Lawson, G. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108697385.011
The Potential of Political Changes in the Information Age
Alahmed, A. (2014) · Advances in human and social aspects of technology book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6066-3.ch003
The Potential of Political Changes in the Information Age
Alahmed, A. (2015) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-8614-4.ch105
Digital Governance in Post-Modern Africa
Onobe, M. J., Okocha, D. O., & John, M. A. (2022) · Advances in media, entertainment and the arts (AMEA) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-4107-7.ch014
هندسة الانفعال: سياسة الشارع والأسس الجزئية لممارسة الحكم
فايتسل, م. د., & رومية, م. (2022) · عمران للعلوم الإجتماعية و الإنسانية · doi:10.31430/iqur8113
Social Networking Applications: Facebook and West Bank Palestinian Activists
Schejter, A. M., Shomron, B., Jafar, M. A., Abu-Kaf, G., Mendels, J., Mola, S., Shacham, M., Sharha, A., & Tirosh, N. (2023) · Palgrave studies in digital inequalities · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-22930-5_7
Political Elite Structures in Arab Uprisings (2011 And On) and Foreign Policy Ramifications
Mansour, I., & Thompson, W. R. (2023) · Evidence-Based Approaches to Peace and Conflict Studies · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-1498-2_9
Ebert, I. L., & Wettstein, F. (2024) · Sozialer Fortschritt · doi:10.3790/sfo.2024.1432903
Liu, J. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190887261.002.0008
Liu, J. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190887261.002.0004
Liu, J. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190887261.002.0007
Liu, J. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190887261.005.0001
Liu, J. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190887261.002.0005
Beliefs Identified by the Qualitative Analysis
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.005.0002
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.005.0001
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.002.0004
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.005.0003
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.002.0005
Dornschneider, S. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190693916.005.0004
Bringing Identity Back in the “Arab Uprisings”
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.003.0004
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.003.0006
Why Revolts Spread and Often Succeed
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.003.0003
Chapter 2 Data Sources and Robustness Checks
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.005.0002
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.003.0007
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.002.0007
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.002.0006
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.005.0001
The People Overthrew the Regimes
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.003.0005
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.003.0002
Toska, S. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197774892.003.0001
Reuss, A., & Stetter, S. (2024) · Rethinking peace and conflict studies · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73917-0_1
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.003.0004
Towards a Thriving World with Radical Humility
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.003.0006
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.003.0005
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.002.0008
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.003.0003
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.002.0004
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.003.0001
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.003.0002
Lewis, D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.003.0007
Sutoris, P., & Pradhan, U. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.002.0003
Davids, C. A. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197824948.002.0007
Saidin, M. I. S. (2025) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783111170015-021
SOCIAL NETWORKS AND COLLECTIVE ACTION OUTCOMES: DO MOBILIZATION AND ALLIANCE STRUCTURES MATTER?
Yenigun, G. E. (2013) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Kariuki, T. N., & GICHANGA, R. W. (2025) · African Multidisciplinary Journal of Research · doi:10.71064/spu.amjr.2.2.2025.430
Diffuse intelligence: foresight for forecasting
Wirtz, J. J. (2026) · Intelligence & National Security · doi:10.1080/02684527.2026.2687532
The Habeas Mentem Principle. Reframing Neurorights in the Digital Age
Giacomini, G. (2026) · Neuroethics · doi:10.1007/s12152-026-09661-5
Novais, R. A. (2026) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0163-786x20260000049002
Schemes of Internet Control and Political Liberalization
Grojec, W. (2013) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Kamal, А. М. (2015) · Scholarship@Western (Western University)
Metadata
- Authors
- Lynch, M.
- Affiliations
- George Washington University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lynch, Marc
- ORCID
- Lynch, Marc
- Venue
- Perspectives on Politics
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 301-310
- ISSN
- 1537-5927 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0986
- OpenAlex
- W2132282266
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 101.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Perspectives on Politics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts
- Social Sciences › Communication › Social Media and Politics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Middle East Politics and Society
- Keywords
- Arab Spring, social media, authoritarianism, Arab world, online political mobilization, collective action, information environment, public sphere, contentious politics, Egypt
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
