The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Women's Movements and Constitution Making after Civil Unrest and Conflict in Africa: The Cases of Kenya and Somalia
Abstract
As numerous conflicts have come to an end in Africa over the past two decades, women's movements have sought to advance a women's rights agenda through peace accords; through constitutional, legislative, and electoral reforms; as well as through the introduction of gender quotas. This article focuses the impact women's movements have had in shaping constitutions after periods of turmoil, particularly in areas of equality, customary law, antidiscrimination, violence against women, quotas, and citizenship rights. It demonstrates how countries that have come out of major civil conflict and violent upheaval in Africa after the mid-1990s—but especially after 2000—have made more constitutional changes with respect to women's rights than other African countries. The second part of the article provides two examples of how women's movements influenced constitutional changes pertaining to gender equality as well as the difficulties they encountered, particularly with respect to the international community.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Virtually all African states have undergone constitutional or major reforms since 1990s, except Liberia, Botswana, Guinea Bissau, Mauritius and São Tomé Principe”
From The Coloniality and Evolution of African Customary Law (2025) · cites this paper as Tripp 2016, 77
Citations
Cites
Women's rights, human rights: international feminist perspectives
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-1797 · Cited by 383
(2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315656571 · Cited by 214
African Women's Movements: Transforming Political Landscapes
Tripp, A. M., Casimiro, I. M. A. P. C., Kwesiga, J. C., & Mungwa, A. (2008) · Cited by 198
Self-citationHughes, M. M. (2009) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.2009.56.1.174 · Cited by 178
Constitution Making and Democratization in Kenya (2000–2005)
Cottrell, J., & Ghai, Y. P. (2007) · Democratization · doi:10.1080/13510340601024272 · Cited by 121
The Failure of Popular Justice in Uganda: Local Councils and Women’s Property Rights
Khadiagala, L. S. (2001) · Development and Change · doi:10.1111/1467-7660.00196 · Cited by 119
Irving, H. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511619687 · Cited by 55
Women and power in post-conflict Africa
(2016) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.197091 · Cited by 47
Legislating Gender-based Violence in Post-conflict Africa
Tripp, A. M. (2010) · Journal of Peacebuilding & Development · doi:10.1080/15423166.2010.981435347428 · Cited by 45
Self-citationWomen and Power in Postconflict Africa
Tripp, A. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781316336014 · Cited by 44
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Hirsch, 1998, Pronouncing and Persevering : Gender and the Discourses of Disputing in an African Islamic Court. Language and Legal Discourse
- Affi, 2003, Sub-Saharan Africa: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Women’s Issues Worldwide
- Andrews, 2001, Post-Apartheid Constitutions, 326
- Ndegwa, 2012, History of Constitution Making in Kenya
- Somali Midnimo.com. 2012. “Women Walk out of Draft Constitution Ratification Conference.” July 31.
- Maingi, 2011, The Kenyan Constitutional Reform Process: A Case Study on the Work of Fida Kenya in Securing Women's Rights, Feminist Africa, 15, 63
- Hollier-Larousse, 2000, Somali Women Win Political Emancipation with Parliamentary Quota
- Albertyn, 2011, Gendered Transformation in South African Jurisprudence: Poor Women and the Constitutional Court (Law and Poverty Special Edition), Stellenbosch Law Review, 22, 591
Cited by
Authoritarian Institutions and Women’s Rights
Donno, D., & Kreft, A.-K. (2019) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0010414018797954 · Cited by 121
War termination and women's political rights
Joshi, M., & Olsson, L. (2020) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2020.102523 · Cited by 39
Popular Protest, Political Opportunities, and Change in Africa
Sanches, E. R. (2022) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003177371 · Cited by 36
Wael, R. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108566339 · Cited by 35
No safety in numbers: political representation and political violence targeting women in Kenya
Matfess, H., Kishi, R., & Berry, M. E. (2022) · International Feminist Journal of Politics · doi:10.1080/14616742.2022.2045618 · Cited by 32
Metadata
- Authors
- Tripp, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tripp, Aili Mari
- ORCID
- Tripp, Aili Mari
- Venue
- Politics & Gender
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 78-106
- ISSN
- 1743-923X (ISSN-L)
- 1743-9248
- OpenAlex
- W2307471620
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 15.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Politics & Gender (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Politics and Representation
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Security, and Conflict
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Multiculturalism, Politics, Migration, Gender
- Keywords
- women's movement, constitutional drafting, post-conflict reconstruction, women's rights, gender equality, gender quotas, customary law, violence against women, citizenship rights, anti-discrimination, Kenya, Somalia, peace agreements, international community
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.