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Incorporation of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) into the Polyamide Layer of Thin-Film Composite (TFC) Nanofiltration Membranes for Enhanced Separation Performance and Antifouling Properties
Abstract
To achieve greater separation performance and antifouling properties in a thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration membrane, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were incorporated into the polyamide layer of a TFC membrane for the first time. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the successful formation of the CNC-polyamide composite layer. Surface characterization results revealed differences in the morphologies of the CNC-TFC membranes compared with a control membrane (CNC-TFC-0). Streaming potential measurements and molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) characterizations showed that the CNC-TFC membranes exhibited a greater negative surface charge and a smaller MWCO as the CNC content increased. The CNC-TFC membranes showed enhanced hydrophilicity and increased permeability. With the incorporation of only 0.020 wt % CNCs, the permeability of the CNC-TFC membrane increased by 60.0% over that of the polyamide TFC without CNC. Rejection of Na 2 SO 4 and MgSO 4 by the CNC-TFC membranes was similar to that observed for the CNC-TFC-0 membrane, at values of approximately 98.7% and 98.8%, respectively, indicating that divalent salt rejection was not sacrificed. The monovalent ion rejection tended to increase as the CNC content increased. In addition, the CNC-TFC membranes exhibited enhanced antifouling properties due to their increased hydrophilicity and more negatively charged surfaces.
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Cited by
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bai, L., Liu, Y., Bossa, N., Ding, A., Ren, N., Li, G., Liang, H., & Wiesner, M. R.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2018-09-03
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 11178-11187
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2891943508
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 38
- FWCI
- 10.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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