Core–Shell Structure and Aggregation Number of Micelles Composed of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers and Amphiphilic Heterografted Polymer Brushes Determined by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering
Open accessAbstract
A large group of functional nanomaterials employed in biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery, relies on amphiphilic polymers to encapsulate therapeutic payloads via self-assembly processes. Knowledge of the micelle structures will provide critical insights into design of polymeric drug delivery systems. Core–shell micelles composed of linear diblock copolymers poly(ethylene glycol)- b -poly(caprolactone) (PEG- b -PCL), poly(ethylene oxide)- b -poly(lactic acid) (PEG- b -PLA), as well as a heterografted brush consisting of a poly(glycidyl methacrylate) backbone with PEG and PLA branches (PGMA- g -PEG/PLA) were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements to gain structural information regarding the particle morphology, core–shell size, and aggregation number. The structural information at this quasi-equilibrium state can also be used as a reference when studying the kinetics of polymer micellization.
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Using SAXS, authors found that the size of loaded micelles and the drug location inside the nanovectors depended on the drug-loading method.
“Moreover, using SAXS, Authors found that the size of the loaded micelles and the drug location inside the nanovectors depended on the drug-loading method.”
From Polymeric micelles in drug delivery: An insight of the techniques for their characterization and assessment in biorelevant conditions (2021) · cites this paper as [199]
The Abstract (page unavailable) says the authors used SAXS to characterize micelle core and shell sizes and aggregation numbers. Our copy does not report a comparison of drug-loading methods or findings about how those methods affect loaded-micelle size or drug location; searches for those terms found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredProgressive loading of paclitaxel in preformed micelles (two-step process) resulted in drug settling in the outer shell, inducing shell shrinkage and de-hydration, which could explain the observed lower cellular uptake and lower cytotoxicity compared to one-step-loaded nanoparticles.
“Particularly, progressive loading of paclitaxel in preformed micelles (two-step process) resulted in drug settling in the outer shell, inducing shell shrinkage and de-hydration, that could explain the observed lower cellular uptake and lower cytotoxicity as compared to the one-step-loaded nanoparticles.”
From Polymeric micelles in drug delivery: An insight of the techniques for their characterization and assessment in biorelevant conditions (2021) · cites this paper as [199]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe size of Poly(1-O-MAFru)35-b-PMMA145 micelles increased with the amount of loaded paclitaxel from 26 to 50 nm, reaching the optimal size for cellular endocytosis.
“Here, the size of the micelles was detected to increase with the amount of loaded paclitaxel, from 26 to 50 nm, reaching the optimal size for cellular endocytosis.”
From Polymeric micelles in drug delivery: An insight of the techniques for their characterization and assessment in biorelevant conditions (2021) · cites this paper as [199]
The micelle-characterization passages (section labeled Abstract; page unavailable) describe PEG-b-PCL, PEG-b-PLA, and PGMA-g-PEG/PLA micelles, not Poly(1-O-MAFru)35-b-PMMA145. Searches for paclitaxel loading, the 26-to-50 nm change, and an optimal size for cellular endocytosis found no passage addressing those points. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Research works printed but not linked: 9
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Ghezzi, M., Pescina, S., Padula, C., Santi, P., Del Favero, E., Cantù, L., & Nicoli, S. (2021) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.031 · Cited by 1,135 · see citing works
In situ measurements of polymer micellization kinetics with millisecond temporal resolution
Kalkowski, J., Liu, C., Leon-Plata, P., Szymusiak, M., Zhang, P., Irving, T., Shang, W., Bilsel, O., & Liu, Y. (2019) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02257 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
- Authors
- Szymusiak, M., Kalkowski, J., Luo, H., Donovan, A. J., Zhang, P., Liu, C., Shang, W., Irving, T., Herrera-Alonso, M., & Liu, Y.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Illinois Institute of Technology (US)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Ying
- Venue
- ACS Macro Letters
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2017-08-31
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1005-1012
- ISSN
- 2161-1653 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5749421
- OpenAlex
- W2752799096
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- ACS Macro Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation (1350731)
- Division of Materials Research (11515135)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Block Copolymer Self-Assembly
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Keywords
- core-shell micelles, amphiphilic block copolymers, aggregation number, PEG-b-PCL, PEG-b-PLA, micellization kinetics, polymeric drug delivery, micelle morphology, self-assembly
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