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Nanoscale Refractive Index Sensors with High Figures of Merit via Optical Slot Antennas
Abstract
Nanoscale refractive index (RI) sensors based on a single nanorod or nanoantenna typically suffer from a low figure of merit (FOM) due to the large full width at half-maximum of the plasmonic dipole resonance. Here, we demonstrate nanosensors with a high FOM and a sensing volume that is much smaller than λ 3 using slot antennas. Two configurations, one based on a bowtie slot antenna (BSA) and one based on a slot antenna pair (SAP), are proposed. The RI information is obtained from the extinction dip that is due to the interference of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which are launched at different nodes of a third-order resonant mode of the BSA or different antennas of the SAP. The high FOM is attributed to the dependence of the extinction spectrum on both the amplitude and the phase of the SPPs. There are important applications for these nanosensors, which can measure the local RI beyond the diffraction limit and can be flexibly integrated.
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“Thanks to the excellent field confinement at resonance wavelength, plasmonic nanoantennas (PNAs) also serve as an ultra-sensitive refractometry sensor to capture the refractive index of analytes by wavelength shifts (e.g., color change in visible light), which carries the information of physical properties of molecules44,45.”
From Wavelength-multiplexed hook nanoantennas for machine learning enabled mid-infrared spectroscopy (2022) · cites this paper as [44]
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Wavelength-multiplexed hook nanoantennas for machine learning enabled mid-infrared spectroscopy
Ren, Z., Zhang, Z., Wei, J., Dong, B., & Lee, C. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31520-z · Cited by 132
Metadata
- Authors
- Gao, B., Wang, Y., Zhang, T., Xu, Y., He, A., Dai, L., & Zhang, J.
- Affiliations
- Peking University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Jiasen
- Venue
- ACS Nano
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2019-08-07
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 9131-9138
- ISSN
- 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-086X
- OpenAlex
- W2964802627
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Nano (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (11574011, 61874003, 91850104, 61521004)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Near-Field Optical Microscopy
- Keywords
- refractive index sensing, nanosensors, surface plasmon polaritons, figure of merit
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