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Metal/Covalent Organic Framework Encapsulated Lead-Free Halide Perovskite Hybrid Nanocatalysts: Multifunctional Applications, Design, Recent Trends, Challenges, and Prospects
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High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Perovskites are bringing revolutionization in a various fields due to their exceptional properties and crystalline structure. Most specifically, halide perovskites (HPs), lead-free halide perovskites (LFHPs), and halide perovskite quantum dots (HPs QDs) are becoming hotspots due to their unique optoelectronic properties, low cost, and simple processing. HPs QDs, in particular, have excellent photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications because of their tunable emission, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), effective charge separation, and low cost. However, practical applications of the HPs QDs family have some limitations such as degradation, instability, and deep trap states within the bandgap, structural inflexibility, scalability, inconsistent reproducibility, and environmental concerns, which can be covered by encapsulating HPs QDs into porous materials like metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) or covalent–organic frameworks (COFs) that offer protection, prevention of aggregation, tunable optical properties, flexibility in structure, enhanced biocompatibility, improved stability under harsh conditions, consistency in production quality, and efficient charge separation. These advantages of MOFs-COFs help HPs QDs harness their full potential for various applications. This review mainly consists of three parts. The first portion discusses the perovskites, halide perovskites, lead-free perovskites, and halide perovskite quantum dots. In the second portion, we explore MOFs and COFs. In the third portion, particular emphasis is given to a thorough evaluation of the development of HPs QDs@MOFs-COFs based materials for comprehensive investigations for next-generation materials intended for diverse technological applications, such as CO 2 conversion, pollutant degradation, hydrogen generation, batteries, gas sensing, and solar cells. Finally, this review will open a new gateway for the synthesis of perovskite-based quantum dots.
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The use of lead-free materials raises challenges in achieving long-term stability under harsh environmental conditions, which is critical for many sensor applications.
“Furthermore, the use of lead-free materials also raises challenges in achieving long-term stability under harsh environmental conditions, which is critical for many sensor applications [131,132].”
From Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors (2025) · cites this paper as [132]
“Understanding Lead-Free Halide Perovskites” (page unavailable) identifies stability as a challenge for lead-free materials. “Investigating Halide Perovskites” and “Gas Sensing” (pages unavailable) discuss degradation under moisture or heat and stability challenges for sensors, but do not specifically establish long-term stability under harsh conditions as a challenge for lead-free sensor materials. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors
Li, Y., Ding, Y., Sun, J., Tan, S., Li, Y., Wang, X., Cai, J., Bai, J., Lv, X., Guo, W., et al. (2025) · SmartMat · doi:10.1002/smm2.70022 · Cited by 41
Metadata
- Authors
- Altaf, A., Khan, I., Khan, A., Sadiq, S., Humayun, M., Khan, S., Zaman, S., Khan, A., Abumousa, R. A., & Bououdina, M.
- Affiliations
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Prince Sultan University (SA)
- Northeast Agricultural University (CN)
- Liaoning University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Khan, Iltaf
- ORCID
- Venue
- ACS Omega
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2024-08-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 32
- Pages
- 34220-34242
- ISSN
- 2470-1343 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11325423
- OpenAlex
- W4401210089
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 6
- FWCI
- 1.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Omega (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (1112932205)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Keywords
- lead-free halide perovskites, halide perovskite quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, hybrid nanocatalysts, perovskite stability, CO2 conversion, pollutant degradation, hydrogen production, batteries, gas sensing, solar cells, photoluminescence quantum yield, charge separation
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