A Green Route to High-Surface Area Carbons by Chemical Activation of Biomass-Based Products with Sodium Thiosulfate

Fuertes, Antonio B.; Ferrero, Guillermo A.; Diez, Noel; Sevilla, Marta

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b03264

Cited by 91Thermochemical Biomass Conversion ProcessesAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removalMesoporous Materials and Catalysis

A Green Route to High-Surface Area Carbons by Chemical Activation of Biomass-Based Products with Sodium Thiosulfate

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Fuertes, Antonio B., Ferrero, Guillermo A., Diez, Noel, Sevilla, Marta·2018·ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

DOI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b03264

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Abstract

A simple, sustainable, and affordable approach for the synthesis of highly porous carbons is presented. The procedure is based on the use of sodium thiosulfate as an activating agent and a variety of biomass-based products (glucose, sucrose, and gelatine) as carbon precursors. The synthesis scheme involves three steps: (a) mixing the reactants by grinding, (b) heat treatment at temperatures in the 800–900 °C range, and (c) extracting the carbon material from the carbonized solid by simple washing with water. The generation of the pore structure is based on the redox reaction between the carbonaceous matter and sodium thiosulfate acting as an oxidant. In this way, porous carbons with high BET surface areas in the ∼2000–2700 m 2 g –1 range and large pore volumes of up to 2.4 cm 3 g –1 are obtained. The porosity of these carbons consists of two pore systems made up of narrow micropores of 0.8 nm and larger pores of up to 5 nm. These porous carbons have a certain amount of sulfur (∼2–3%) that is incorporated into the carbon framework as thiophene-like and oxidized sulfur groups. Additionally, in the case of gelatine, N content up to 2–3% is preserved.

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“Then, the resulting material is chemically activated by the following sequence: an impregnation with the chemical agent and a subsequent second high-temperature thermochemical activation step to produce the ABC (Fuertes et al. 2018).”
Influential
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Steam Activation of Acid-Chars for Enhanced Textural Properties and Pharmaceuticals Removal
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“…Majority of micropore (1–2 nm) and a distribution of mesopore (2–4.5 nm) (Ghosh and Barron 2017) Weak base, K 2 CO 3 ·Low level of corrosivity and toxicity (Fuertes et al. 2018), ·Requires a high activation temperature (> 700 °C) and is less reactive (Kim et al. 2021), ·Acts as a chemical…”
Influential
Metallic nickel-anchored biochar with non-metallic heteroatom modification: remarkably effective catalyst for steam reforming of methane
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Background
Pilot-Scale Slow Pyrolysis, Post-Heat Treatment, and Self-Heating Performance of Biochar Fuels Derived from Construction, Renovation, and Demolition (CRD) Wood Waste
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“…and co-workers demonstrated green synthesis pathways employing aqueous sodium thiosulfate as an activating agent and potassium chloride as the reaction medium, producing high-surface-area carbons (up to ~ 2600 m 2 /g) from biomass-derived pre-cursors (Fuertes et al., 2018; Sevilla et al., 2019).”
Synthesis of Sodium Thiosulfate-Doped Porous Carbons from Hookah Tobacco Waste for CO2 Capture
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Solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis of functionalized biomass-derived porous carbons for CO₂ capture
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Reactivity-guided experimental design and severity factor development for optimizing the chemical activation of hydrolysis lignin into CO2-adsorbing carbons
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Progress of Biomaterials Applications in Supercapacitors
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Authors: Fuertes, A. B., Ferrero, G. A., Diez, N., & Sevilla, M.
Affiliations: Instituto Nacional del Carbón (ES)
Instituto Nacional del Carbón (CSIC), Fco. Pintado Fe 26, Oviedo 33011, Spain
Corresponding author: Fuertes, Antonio B.
ORCID: Fuertes, Antonio B.
Ferrero, Guillermo A.
Diez, Noel
Sevilla, Marta
Venue: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2018-11-13
Volume: 6
Issue: 12
Pages: 16323-16331
ISSN: 2168-0485 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b03264
OpenAlex: W2901809251
Cited by: 91
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 7
FWCI: 3.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
Locations: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (publishedVersion)
Consultation of the Doctoral Thesis Database (TESEO) (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: European Regional Development Fund (CTQ2015-63552-R)
Ministerio de Econom?a y Competitividad (CTQ2015-63552-R)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
Keywords: porous carbon, chemical activation, sodium thiosulfate, glucose, sucrose, gelatin, high surface area carbon, sulfur incorporation, nitrogen retention, micropores, pore structure

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A Green Route to High-Surface Area Carbons by Chemical Activation of Biomass-Based Products with Sodium Thiosulfate

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