Revised Chemical Equilibrium Data for Major Water—Mineral Reactions and Their Limitations
Abstract
A revised, updated summary of equilibrium constants and reaction enthalpies for aqueous ion association reactions and mineral solubilities has been compiled from the literature for common equilibria occurring in natural waters at 0-100°C and 1 bar pressure. The species have been limited to those containing the elements Na, K, Li, Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Ra, Fe(II/III), Al, Mn (II, III, IV), Si, C, Cl, S(VI) and F. The necessary criteria for obtaining reliable and consistent thermodynamic data for water chemistry modeling is outlined and limitations on the application of equilibrium computations is described. An important limitation is that minerals that do not show reversible solubility behavior should not be assumed to attain chemical equilibrium in natural aquatic systems.
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The neutral ion pairs listed in Table 2 are the dominant ion pairs affecting precipitation for the typical solutions considered.
“For numerical simplicity, we consider only those neutral ion pairs listed in Table 2. Other ion pairs also exist, such as NaCO• and FeC1 + , but an examination of equilibrium constants [Nordstrom et al., 1990] shows that the divalent cation neutral pairs listed are the dominant ion pairs affecting precipitation for the typical solutions we consider.”
From A chemical model for evaporites on early Mars: Possible sedimentary tracers of the early climate and implications for exploration (1999) · cites this paper as Nordstrom et al., 1990
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Catling, D. C. (1999) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets · doi:10.1029/1998je001020 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Inorganic synthesis of Fe–Ca–Mg carbonates at low temperature
Romanek, C. S., Jiménez-López, C., Navarro, A. R., Sánchez-Román, M., Sahai, N., & Coleman, M. (2009) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.065 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Manganese cycling in a eutrophic lake ? Rates and pathways
Sternbeck, J. (1996) · Aquatic Geochemistry · doi:10.1007/bf00702741 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nordstrom, D. K., Plummer, L. N., Langmuir, D., Busenberg, E., May, H. M., Jones, B. F., & Parkhurst, D. L.
- Affiliations
- United States Geological Survey (US)
- Colorado School of Mines (US)
- Venue
- ACS Symposium Series
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society
- Published
- 1990-12-07
- Pages
- 398-413
- ISSN
- 0097-6156 (ISSN-L)
- 1947-5918
- OpenAlex
- W1599769533
- Cited by
- 322
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 5.15
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACS symposium series (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Filtration and Separation › Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Water Quality and Resources Studies
- Keywords
- mineral solubility, equilibrium constants, heat of reaction, natural waters, manganese, sodium, potassium, lithium, barium, strontium, radium, silicon, carbon, chlorine, sulfur, fluorine
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