The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Polyelectrolyte Brushes Grafted from Cellulose Nanocrystals Using Cu-Mediated Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) grafted with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) chains of different lengths using Cu-mediated surface initiated-controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP). First, poly(tert-butylacrylate) (PtBA) brushes were synthesized; then, subsequent acid hydrolysis was used to furnish PAA brushes tethered onto the CNC surfaces. The CNCs were chemically modified to create initiator moieties on the CNC surfaces using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and continued in solvent phase in DMF. A density of initiator groups of 4.6 bromine ester groups/nm(2) on the CNC surface was reached, suggesting a dense functionalization and a promising starting point for the controlled/living radical polymerization. The SI-CRP of tert-butylacrylate proceeded in a well-controlled manner with the aid of added sacrificial initiator, yielding polymer brushes with polydispersity values typically well below 1.12. We calculated the polymer brush grafting density to almost 0.3 chains/nm(2), corresponding to high grafting densities and dense polymer brush formation on the nanocrystals. Successful rapid acid hydrolysis to remove the tert-butyl groups yielded pH-responsive PAA-polyelectrolyte brushes bound to the CNC surface. Individually dispersed rod-like nanoparticles with brushes of PtBA or PAA were clearly visualized by AFM and TEM imaging.
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Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Zoppe, J. O., Ataman, N. C., Mocny, P., Wang, J., Moraes, J., & Klok, H.-A. (2017) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00314 · Cited by 1,046
Cellulose nanocrystals and related nanocomposites: Review of some properties and challenges
Mariano, M., El Kissi, N., & Dufresne, A. (2014) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics · doi:10.1002/polb.23490 · Cited by 933
Lin, N., Huang, J., & Dufresne, A. (2012) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c2nr30260h · Cited by 885
Surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals
Eyley, S., & Thielemans, W. (2014) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c4nr01756k · Cited by 869
Advanced Materials through Assembly of Nanocelluloses
Kontturi, E., Laaksonen, P., Linder, M. B., Nonappa, Gröschel, A. H., Rojas, O. J., & Ikkala, O. (2018) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201703779 · Cited by 664
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Metadata
- Authors
- Majoinen, J., Walther, A., McKee, J. R., Kontturi, E., Aseyev, V., Malho, J. M., Ruokolainen, J., & Ikkala, O.
- Venue
- Biomacromolecules
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2011-07-20
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2997-3006
- ISSN
- 1525-7797 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-4602
- OpenAlex
- W2330422027
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 5.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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