The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
NMR Characterization of Pyrolysis Oils from Kraft Lignin
Abstract
The pyrolysis of softwood (SW) kraft lignin was examined at 400, 500, 600, and 700 °C. The yields of pyrolysis oil, char, and gas were determined to be 35−44%, 57−38% and 8−18%, respectively. The pyrolysis oil has a comparable heating value with ethanol and coal. The elevated temperature of 700 °C was found as the point of primary decomposition of lignin and the secondary decomposition of pyrolysis oil. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and quantitative 13 C and 31 P NMR were used to characterize the pyrolysis oil. A 13 C NMR database was created to provide a more accurate chemical shift assignment database for analysis of pyrolysis oils. On the basis of the results of 13 C and 31 P NMR for the pyrolysis oil, aliphatic hydroxyl, carboxyl, and methoxyl groups are eliminated during pyrolysis. Cleavage of ether bonds in lignin was also shown to be a primary decomposition reaction occurring during thermal treatment. The results of GPC analysis indicated that lower pyrolysis temperatures yielded a bio-oil that had a lower molecular weight and lower polydispersity value.
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Cites
Effect of the Temperature on the Composition of Lignin Pyrolysis Products
Jiang, G., Nowakowski, D. J., & Bridgwater, A. V. (2010) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef100363c · Cited by 332
Pyrolysis of Lignins: Experimental and Kinetics Studies
Ferdous, D., Dalai, A. K., Bej, S. K., & Thring, R. W. (2002) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef0200323 · Cited by 310
Primary and secondary lignin pyrolysis reaction pathways
Jegers, H. E., & Klein, M. T. (1985) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development · doi:10.1021/i200028a030 · Cited by 182
Product compositions and kinetics in the rapid pyrolysis of milled wood lignin
Nunn, T. R., Howard, J. B., Longwell, J. P., & Peters, W. A. (1985) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development · doi:10.1021/i200030a054 · Cited by 175
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Fates of Chemical Elements in Biomass during Its Pyrolysis
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ben, H., & Ragauskas, A. J.
- Venue
- Energy & Fuels
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2011-04-27
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2322-2332
- ISSN
- 0887-0624 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5029
- OpenAlex
- W2332204584
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 9.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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