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Synthesis of γ-Valerolactone by Hydrogenation of Biomass-derived Levulinic Acid over Ru/C Catalyst
Abstract
Ru/C catalyst was used in hydrogenation of levulinic acid to produce γ-valerolactone. The conversion rate and the selectivity of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone with Ru/C as catalyst were higher than those with Pd/C, Raney nickel, and Urushibara nickel. The optimum preparation conditions of γ-valerolactone by hydrogenation of levulinic acid catalyzed by Ru/C were as follows: temperature at 130 °C, hydrogen pressure at 1.2 MPa, dosage of catalyst at 5.0% (based on the mass fraction of levulinic acid), the solvent being methanol, and a reaction time of 160 min. The conversion rate of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone was found to be 92%, and the selectivity of γ-valerolactone was 99%. The surface structure variations of the fresh and used catalysts were characterized by XRD and XPS. Furthermore, the reaction pathway for the hydrogenation of levulinic acid was proposed.
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Bond, J. Q., Upadhye, A. A., Olcay, H., Tompsett, G. A., Jae, J., Xing, R., Alonso, D. M., Wang, D., Zhang, T., Kumar, R., et al. (2014) · Energy Environ. Sci. · doi:10.1039/c3ee43846e · Cited by 403
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Cao, Y., Tang, M., Li, M., Deng, J., Xu, F., Xie, L., & Wang, Y. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01853 · Cited by 62
Metadata
- Authors
- Yan, Z.-P., Lin, L., & Liu, S.
- Venue
- Energy & Fuels
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2009-08-20
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3853-3858
- ISSN
- 0887-0624 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5029
- OpenAlex
- W2041035549
- Cited by
- 379
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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