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Highly Efficient and Mild Electrochemical Mineralization of Long-Chain Perfluorocarboxylic Acids (C9–C10) by Ti/SnO2–Sb–Ce, Ti/SnO2–Sb/Ce–PbO2, and Ti/BDD Electrodes
Abstract
The electrochemical mineralization of environmentally persistent long-chain perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), i.e., perfluorononanoic acid (C8F17COOH, PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (C9F19COOH, PFDA) was investigated in aqueous solutions (0.25 mmol L(-1)) over Ti/SnO2-Sb-Ce (SnO2), Ti/SnO2-Sb/Ce-PbO2 (PbO2), and Ti/BDD (BDD) anodes under galvanostatic control at room temperature. Based on PFCA decay rate, total organic carbon (TOC) reduction, defluorination ratio, safety, and energy consumption, the performance of PbO2 electrode was comparable with that of BDD electrode. After 180 min electrolysis, the PFNA removals on BDD and PbO2 electrodes were 98.7 ± 0.4% and 97.1 ± 1.0%, respectively, while the corresponding PFDA removals were 96.0 ± 1.4% and 92.2 ± 1.9%. SnO2 electrode yielded lower PFCA removals and led to notable secondary pollution by Sb ions. The primary mineralization product, F(-), as well as trace amounts of intermediate PFCAs with shortened chain lengths, were detected in aqueous solution after electrolysis. On the basis of these results, a degradation mechanism including three potential routes is proposed: via formation of short-chain PFCAs by stepwise removal of CF2; direct mineralization to CO2 and HF; conversion to volatile fluorinated organic compounds. The results presented here demonstrate that electrochemical technique exhibits high efficiency in mineralizing PFNA and PFDA under mild conditions, and is promising for the treatment of long-chain PFCAs in wastewater.
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Conder, J. M., Hoke, R. A., Wolf, W. D., Russell, M. H., & Buck, R. C. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es070895g · Cited by 1,206
Dauchy, X., Boiteux, V., Rosin, C., & Munoz, J.-F. (2012) · Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00128-012-0704-x · Cited by 66
Dauchy, X., Boiteux, V., Rosin, C., & Munoz, J.-F. (2012) · Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00128-012-0705-9 · Cited by 53
Cited by
Electrochemical technologies for wastewater treatment and resource reclamation
Feng, Y., Yang, L., Liu, J., & Logan, B. E. (2016) · Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/c5ew00289c · Cited by 371
He, Y., Lin, H., Guo, Z., Zhang, W., Li, H., & Huang, W. (2019) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2018.11.056 · Cited by 367
Self-citationWu, W., Huang, Z.-H., & Lim, T.-T. (2014) · Applied Catalysis A: General · doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2014.04.035 · Cited by 349
Radjenovic, J., Duinslaeger, N., Avval, S. S., & Chaplin, B. P. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c06212 · Cited by 268
Liu, Z., Bentel, M. J., Yu, Y., Ren, C., Gao, J., Pulikkal, V. F., Sun, M., Men, Y., & Liu, J. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c00353 · Cited by 198
Veciana, M., Bräunig, J., Farhat, A., Pype, M.-L., Freguia, S., Carvalho, G., Keller, J., & Ledezma, P. (2022) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128886 · Cited by 148
Filho, A. H. D. S., & de Souza, G. L. C. (2020) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/d0cp02445g · Cited by 43
Ahmadi, M., Adeleye, O., Vonalt, G., & Nazemi, M. (2025) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c04748 · Cited by 41
Metadata
- Authors
- Lin, H., Niu, J., Xu, J., Huang, H., Li, D., Yue, Z., & Feng, C.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2013-10-28
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 13039-13046
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2217587892
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 7.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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