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Biodiesel Fuel from Animal Fat. Ancillary Studies on Transesterification of Beef Tallow
Abstract
Transesterification of beef tallow was investigated. The solubility of ethanol in beef tallow was much higher than that of methanol. At 100 °C the solubility of methanol was 19% (w/w). The solubility of ethanol in beef tallow reached 100% (w/w) at about 68 °C. For the distribution of methanol between beef tallow methyl esters (BTME) and glycerol, the percentage of total methanol in the glycerol phase was higher than that in the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) phase in a simulated system at room temperature. At 65−80 °C, however, the percentage of total methanol in FAME (60% (w/w)) was higher than that in glycerol (40% (w/w)) in a 90:10 (w/w) blend of FAME and glycerol. This coincided with the methanol distribution in the transesterified product. The process for making beef tallow methyl esters should recover methanol using vacuum distillation, separate the ester and glycerol phases, and then wash the beef tallow methyl esters with warm water. At neutral pH, the separation of ester and glycerol and water washing was easier because it reduced emulsion formation.
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Cited by
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Banković-Ilić, I. B., Stamenković, O. S., & Veljković, V. B. (2012) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.002 · Cited by 522
Ethanolysis of used frying oil. Biodiesel preparation and characterization
Encinar, J. M., González, J. F., & Rodríguez-Reinares, A. (2007) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2007.01.002 · Cited by 414
Organosulfonic acid-functionalized mesoporous silicas for the esterification of fatty acid
Mbaraka, I. (2003) · Journal of Catalysis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9517(03)00193-3 · Cited by 396
Quality analysis studies on biodiesel production of neochloris oleoabundans algae
Karthikeyan, S., Kalaimurugan, K., & Prathima, A. (2018) · Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects · doi:10.1080/15567036.2017.1422059 · Cited by 84
Homan, T., Shahbaz, K., & Farid, M. M. (2017) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2016.10.036 · Cited by 64
Metadata
- Authors
- Ma, F., Clements, L. D., & Hanna, M. A.
- Venue
- Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 1998-08-11
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3768-3771
- ISSN
- 0888-5885 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5045
- OpenAlex
- W1999208038
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Biodiesel Fuel from Animal Fat. Ancillary Studies on Transesterification of Beef Tallow. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1021/ie980162s
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- Ma, F., Clements, L. D., & Hanna, M. A. (1998). Biodiesel Fuel from Animal Fat. Ancillary Studies on Transesterification of Beef Tallow. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie980162s
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
