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Carotenoids and Carotenoid Esters in Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.): New Insights into an Ancient Vegetable
Abstract
The carotenoid pattern of four yellow- and four white-fleshed potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.), common on the German market, was investigated using HPLC and LC(APCI)-MS for identification and quantification of carotenoids. In each case, the carotenoid pattern was dominated by violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin, which were present in different ratios, whereas neoxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, and beta,beta-carotene generally are only minor constituents. In contrast to literature data, antheraxanthin was found to be the only carotenoid epoxide present in native extracts. The total concentration of the four main carotenoids reached 175 microg/100 g, whereas the sum of carotenoid esters accounted for 41-131 microg/100 g. Therefore, carotenoid esters are regarded as quantitatively significant compounds in potatoes. For LC(APCI)-MS analyses of carotenoid esters, a two-stage cleanup procedure was developed, involving column chromatography on silica gel and enzymatic cleavage of residual triacylglycerides by lipases. This facilitated the direct identification of several potato carotenoid esters without previous isolation of the compounds. Although the unequivocal identification of all parent carotenoids was not possible, the cleanup procedure proved to be highly efficient for LC(APCI)-MS analyses of very low amounts of carotenoid esters.
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“Similar to the finding of Breithaupt and Bamedi (Breithaupt and Bamedi, 2002), violaxanthin and zeaxanthin were the main esterified carotenoids in potato fleshes, mainly esterified to the fatty acid of palmitic acid and myristic acid.”
From Integrated analysis of carotenoid metabolites and transcriptome identifies key genes controlling carotenoid compositions and content in sweetpotato tuberous roots (Ipomoea batatas L.) (2022) · cites this paper as Breithaupt and Bamedi, 2002
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Metadata
- Authors
- Breithaupt, D. E., & Bamedi, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Hohenheim (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2002-10-25
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 7175-7181
- ISSN
- 0021-8561 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5118
- OpenAlex
- W1984062631
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Potato Plant Research
- Keywords
- carotenoids, carotenoid esters, potato, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lipase hydrolysis, LC-APCI-MS
- MeSH terms
- Carotenoids, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chromatography, Liquid, Epoxy Compounds, Esters, Lipase, Solanum tuberosum, Mass Spectrometry, Triglycerides, Lutein, beta Carotene, Xanthophylls, Zeaxanthins
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