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Direct Observation of Two Electron Holes in a Hematite Photoanode during Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Open accessAbstract
Visible light active photoelectrodes for hydrogen generation by solar photoelectrochemical water splitting have been under scrutiny for many decades. In particular, the role of electron holes and charge transfer remains controversial. We have investigated the oxygen evolution of hematite in alkaline aqueous electrolyte under a bias potential during visible light illumination in a photoelectrochemical cell operando with soft X-ray (O 1 s ) spectroscopy. Only under these conditions, two new spectral signatures evolve in the valence band, which we identify as an O 2 p hole transition into the charge transfer band and an Fe 3 d type hole into the upper Hubbard band. Quantitative analysis of their spectral weight and comparison with the photocurrent reveals that both types of holes, contrary to earlier speculations and common perception, contribute to the photocurrent.
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Cited by
Kapilashrami, M., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y.-S., Hagfeldt, A., & Guo, J. (2014) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr5000893 · Cited by 508
Self-citationGunawan, D., Zhang, J., Li, Q., Toe, C. Y., Scott, J., Antonietti, M., Guo, J., & Amal, R. (2024) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202404618 · Cited by 325
Self-citationForming Buried Junctions to Enhance the Photovoltage Generated by Cuprous Oxide in Aqueous Solutions
Dai, P., Li, W., Xie, J., He, Y., Thorne, J., McMahon, G., Zhan, J., & Wang, D. (2014) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201408375 · Cited by 168
Metadata
- Authors
- Braun, A., Sivula, K., Bora, D. K., Zhu, J., Zhang, L., Grätzel, M., Guo, J., & Constable, E. C.
- Venue
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2012-08-06
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 32
- Pages
- 16870-16875
- ISSN
- 1932-7447 (ISSN-L)
- 1932-7455
- OpenAlex
- W1982165106
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Direct Observation of Two Electron Holes in a Hematite Photoanode during Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1021/jp304254k
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- Braun, A., Sivula, K., Bora, D. K., Zhu, J., Zhang, L., Grätzel, M., Guo, J., & Constable, E. C. (2012). Direct Observation of Two Electron Holes in a Hematite Photoanode during Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp304254k
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