Synthesis of Soluble Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Ionomers with Pendant Quaternary Ammonium Groups for Anion Exchange Membranes

Abstract

A new bisphenol monomer, 2,2′-dimethylaminemethylene-4,4′-biphenol (DABP), was easily prepared by Mannich reaction of dimethylamine and formaldehyde with 4,4′-biphenol. Novel partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with pendant quaternary ammonium groups were prepared by copolymerization of DABP, 4,4′-biphenol, and 3,3′,4,4′-tetrafluorodiphenylsulfone, followed by reaction with iodomethane. The resulting copolymers PSQNI- x (where x represents the molar fraction of DABP in the feed) with high molecular weight exhibited outstanding solubility in polar aprotic solvents; thus, the flexible and tough membranes of PSQNI- x with varying ionic content could be prepared by casting from the DMAc solution. Novel anion exchange membranes, PSQNOH- x, were obtained by an anion exchange of PSQNI- x with 1 N NaOH. All PSQNOH- x membranes showed conductivities above 10 −2 S cm −1 at room temperature, for example, the hydroxide conductivity of PSQNOH-90 achieved to 8.4 × 10 −2 S cm −1, which was thus comparable to the proton conductivity of Nafion 117 (i.e., 9.0 × 10 −2 S cm −1 ).