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Paradoxical Autonomic Response to Mental Tasks in Autism
Abstract
Autonomic responses to mental tasks requiring sustained attention were examined in individuals with autism and age- and ability-matched controls. Cardiac autonomic function (CAF) was evaluated based on heart rate variability. While the control group showed a significant decrease in the parasympathetic function during mental tasks, the autistic group showed no significant changes in CAF. When examined individually, parasympathetic function was suppressed in all subjects in the control group. On the other hand, parasympathetic function was activated in half of the autistic subjects. The paradoxical autonomic response suggests that some autistic subjects were more stressed under 'resting' conditions than while performing mechanical or repetitive mental tasks. The results seem to support autonomic hyperarousal in some people with autism.
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Using the Poincaré plot, no sympathetic differences in resting conditions, nor responses to a mental task, were found in adolescents with ASD compared to controls.
“Using the Poincaré plot, no sympathetic differences in resting conditions, nor responses to a mental task, were found in adolescents with ASD compared to controls (35).”
From Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children Is Not Associated With Abnormal Autonomic Nervous System Function: Hypothesis and Theory (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
The amygdala and its effect on the functioning of the nucleus ambiguous are relevant to understanding the physiology behind the behaviors of children with ASD.
“as the amygdala and its effect on the functioning of the nucleus ambiguous deserve our attention to understand the physiology behind the behaviors of children with ASD (8, 35, 88).”
From Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children Is Not Associated With Abnormal Autonomic Nervous System Function: Hypothesis and Theory (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
Children with ASD show atypical heart-rate responses between rest and task states, indicating dysfunctional arousal modulation.
“Furthermore, children with ASD show atypical HR response between rest and task states (Althaus, Mulder, Mulder, Aarnoudse, & Minderaa, 1999; Toichi & Kamio, 2003), indicative of dysfunctional modulation of arousal.”
From Atypical attentional networks and the emergence of autism (2013) · cites this paper as Toichi & Kamio, 2003
Evidence from heart-rate variability suggests that between-group differences arise when examining changes in autonomic state from rest to task conditions.
“Likewise, evidence from studies of HR variability suggests that between-group differences arise when examining changes in autonomic state from rest to task conditions (Althaus et al., 1999; Toichi & Kamio, 2003).”
From Atypical attentional networks and the emergence of autism (2013) · cites this paper as Toichi & Kamio, 2003
Citations
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References 63 · Cited by 122
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Angus, Z. (1970). Autonomic and cognitive functions in childhood psychosis. Bulletin of British Psychology Society, 23, 228–229.
- Kodama, H., Shinagawa, F., & Motegi, M. (1982). Japanese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. Tokyo: Nihon-Bunka-Kagaku-sha.
- Ornitz, E., & Ritvo, E. R. (1976). Medical Assessment. In E. R. Ritvo (Ed.), Autism. Diagnosis, current research and management, (pp. 7–23). New York: Spectrum Publications.
- Raven, J. C. (1960). Standard Progressive Matrices: Sets A, B, C, D and E. London: H. K. Lewis.
- Raven, J. C., Court, J. H., & Raven, J. (1995). Section 2. Coloured Progressive Matrices. (1995 edition). Oxford: Oxford Psychologists Press.
- Rimland, B. (1964). Infantile autism. The syndrome and its implication for a natural theory of behavior. New York: Meredith Publishing Company.
- Shinagawa, F., Kobayashi, S., Fujita, K., & Maegawa, H. (1990). Japanese Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. Tokyo: Nihon-Bunka-Kagaku-sha.
Metadata
- Authors
- Toichi, M., & Kamio, Y.
- Affiliations
- University Hospitals of Cleveland (US)
- Corresponding author
- Toichi, Motomi
- ORCID
- Kamio, Yoko
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2003-08
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 417-426
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W1502813421
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, autonomic nervous system, heart rate variability, parasympathetic function, sustained attention, cognitive tasks, stress, cardiac autonomic function
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Arousal, Attention, Autistic Disorder, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Problem Solving, Reference Values, Sympathetic Nervous System
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