Cited by 79Music Therapy and HealthNeuroscience and Music PerceptionHuman auditory perception and evaluation

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Perceived and Physiological Indicators of Relaxation: As Different as Mozart and Alice in Chains

Burns, Jason, Labbé, Elise, Williams, Kathryn, McCall, Jennifer·1999·Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback

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Abstract

The effects of listening to different types of music on perceived and physiological indicators of relaxation were evaluated. Fifty-six undergraduate students, 24 males and 32 females, mean age of 21, were randomly assigned to listen to classical, hard rock, self-selected relaxing music, or no music. Participants' relaxation level, skin temperature, muscle tension and heart rate were evaluated before and after exposure to a music condition. Analyses of variance using baseline measures as covariates indicated that skin temperature decreased for all conditions (p = 0.001) and the classical, self-selected relaxing music and no music groups reported significant increases in feelings of relaxation (p = 0.004). These results partially support the hypothesis that classical and self-selected relaxing music can increase perceptions of relaxation to a greater degree than listening to hard rock music. However, no differences were found between different types of music on physiological indicators of arousal. Implications for using music to reduce stress were discussed.

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Authors: Burns, J., Labbé, E., Williams, K., & McCall, J.
Affiliations: University of South Alabama (US)
Venue: Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1999-09
Volume: 24
Issue: 3
Pages: 197-202
ISSN: 0363-3586 (ISSN-L)
1090-0586
1573-3270
DOI: 10.1023/a:1023488614364
OpenAlex: W1846075328
Cited by: 79
References: 10
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 0.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Music Therapy and Health
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Acoustics and Ultrasonics › Human auditory perception and evaluation
Keywords: music listening, relaxation, physiological arousal, classical music, hard rock, skin temperature, muscle tension, heart rate, stress reduction
MeSH terms: Adult, Auditory Perception, Biofeedback, Psychology, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Music, Relaxation, Stress, Psychological

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Perceived and Physiological Indicators of Relaxation: As Different as Mozart and Alice in Chains

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