A new method for the determination of flow directions and upslope areas in grid digital elevation models
Open accessAbstract
A new procedure for the representation of flow directions and calculation of upslope areas using rectangular grid digital elevation models is presented. The procedure is based on representing flow direction as a single angle taken as the steepest downward slope on the eight triangular facets centered at each grid point. Upslope area is then calculated by proportioning flow between two downslope pixels according to how close this flow direction is to the direct angle to the downslope pixel. This procedure offers improvements over prior procedures that have restricted flow to eight possible directions (introducing grid bia) or proportioned flow according to slope (introducing unrealistic dispersion). The new procedure is more robust than prior procedures based on fitting local planes while retaining a simple grid based structure. Detailed algorithms are presented and results are demonstrated through test examples and application to digital elevation data sets.
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BEVEN, K. J., & KIRKBY, M. J. (1979) · Hydrological Sciences Bulletin · doi:10.1080/02626667909491834 · Cited by 6,670 · see citing works
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Dunham, J. B., Rosenberger, A. E., Luce, C. H., & Rieman, B. E. (2007) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-007-9029-8 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
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Carrivick, J. L., Heckmann, T., Turner, A., & Fischer, M. (2018) · Geomorphology · doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.08.030 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Diefenderfer, H. L., Coleman, A. M., Borde, A. B., & Sinks, I. A. (2008) · Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology · doi:10.2478/v10104-009-0027-7 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tarboton, D. G.
- Affiliations
- Utah State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tarboton, David G.
- ORCID
- Tarboton, David G.
- Venue
- Water Resources Research
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 1997-02
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 309-319
- ISSN
- 0043-1397 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-7973
- OpenAlex
- W2119534769
- Cited by
- 2,476
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 132 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 97 · 2023: 122 · 2022: 151 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 145 · 2019: 127 · 2018: 119 · 2017: 117 · 2016: 126 · 2015: 110 · 2014: 113 · 2013: 114 · 2012: 100
- FWCI
- 15.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Water Resources Research (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-17-ERA4-0007)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Groundwater and Watershed Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Keywords
- flow direction, digital elevation model, triangular facets, grid bias
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