The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Rare-Earth distributions in the marine environment
Abstract
Analyses for the rare-earth elements in sea water, in a phosphorite, and in a manganese nodule were made by neutron activation and X-ray fluorescence techniques. These marine samples showed a depletion, in the heavier rare-earth elements, relative to chondritic meteorites, beginning with samarium. Cerium was enriched in the manganese nodule, probably as a result of its oxidation to the 4+ valence state. The ratios of the rare-earth abundances in the two minerals to those of sea water go through a maximum in the vicinity of samarium. The europium concentration, often anomalous in terrestrial minerals, was normal relative to the other rare earths in all of the samples. The sea water showed four times the concentration of rare earths at a depth of 4000 meters as compared with surface values.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Relative and Absolute Terrestrial Abundances of the Rare Earths
HASKIN, L. A., HASKIN, M. A., FREY, F. A., & WILDEMAN, T. R. (1968) · Origin and Distribution of the Elements · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-012835-1.50074-x · Cited by 802
Rare earth elements in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
De Baar, H. J. W., Bacon, M. P., Brewer, P. G., & Bruland, K. W. (1985) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(85)90089-4 · Cited by 758
Rare earth element scavenging in seawater
Byrne, R. H., & Kim, K.-H. (1990) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(90)90002-3 · Cited by 549
Rare earth elements in the pore waters of reducing nearshore sediments
Elderfield, H., & Sholkovitz, E. R. (1987) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(87)90202-0 · Cited by 438
Redox cycling of rare earth elements in the suboxic zone of the Black Sea
German, C. R., Holliday, B. P., & Elderfield, H. (1991) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(91)90055-a · Cited by 371
Metadata
- Authors
- Goldberg, E. D., Koide, M., Schmitt, R. A., & Smith, R. H.
- Venue
- Journal of Geophysical Research
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 1963-07-15
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 4209-4217
- ISSN
- 0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2084027071
- Cited by
- 499
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 10.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Rare-Earth distributions in the marine environment. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1029/jz068i014p04209
- The paper
- Goldberg, E. D., Koide, M., Schmitt, R. A., & Smith, R. H. (1963). Rare-Earth distributions in the marine environment. Journal of Geophysical Research. https://doi.org/10.1029/jz068i014p04209
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
