Hardiness and stress moderation: A test of proposed mechanisms.

Abstract

High and low hardy male and female undergraduates completed an evaluative threat task that was manipulated to influence appraisals of the task in a manner consistent with hardiness theory. High hardy subjects displayed higher frustration tolerance, appraised the task as less threatening, and responded to the task with more positive and less negative affect than did low hardy subjects. Although all subjects displayed increased heart rate (HR) in response to the experimental task, high hardy men displayed lower HR elevations during the task than did low hardy men. Hardiness did not influence HR responses among women. Manipulations of task appraisal revealed a similar pattern where men in the high hardiness appraisal conditions displayed lower levels of physiological arousal during the task than did men in the low hardiness appraisal conditions. Appraisal manipulations had either no effect or the opposite effect among women.

Cites (2)

1. Personal control and stress and coping processes: A theoretical analysis.
   Susan Folkman · 1984 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
2. Hardiness and health: A prospective study.
   Kobasa, Suzanne C., Maddi, Salvatore R., Kahn, Stephen · 1982 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Show all 2 references

Cited by (4)

1. Resilient Individuals Use Positive Emotions to Bounce Back From Negative Emotional Experiences.
   Tugade, Michele M., Fredrickson, Barbara L. · 2004 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
2. Weighing the Costs of Disaster: Consequences, Risks, and Resilience in Individuals, Families, and Communities
   Bonanno, George A., Brewin, Chris R., Kaniasty, Krzysztof, Greca, Annette M. La · 2010 · Psychological Science in the Public Interest
3. The Value of Positive Psychology for Health Psychology: Progress and Pitfalls in Examining the Relation of Positive Phenomena to Health
   Aspinwall, Lisa G., Tedeschi, Richard G. · 2010 · Annals of Behavioral Medicine
4. Hardiness, successful aging, and HIV: implications for social work.
   Vance, David E., Struzick, Thomas C., Masten, James · 2008 · Journal of Gerontological Social Work

See all 209