Analogical transfer, problem similarity, and expertise.

Abstract

When we encounter a new problem, we are often reminded of similar problems solved earlier and may use the solution procedure from an old problem to solve a new one. Such analogical transfer, however, has been difficult to demonstrate empirically, even within a single experimental session. This article proposes a framework for conceptualizing analogical problem solving that can account for the conflicting findings in the literature. In addition, the framework leads to two predictions concerning the transfer behavior of experts and novices. These predictions concern both positive and negative transfer and are based on the different types of features included in the problem representations of experts and novices. First, when two problems share structural features but not surface features, spontaneous positive transfer should be more likely in experts than in novices. Second, when two problems share surface but not structural features, spontaneous negative transfer should be stronger for novices than for experts. These predictions were supported by the results of three experiments involving college students solving a complex arithmetic word problem.

Cites (3)

1. Schema induction and analogical transfer
   Gick, Mary L., Holyoak, Keith J. · 1983 · Cognitive Psychology
2. On problem solving
   Duncker, Karl · 1945 · Psychological Monographs
3. Analogical problem solving
   Gick, Mary L., Holyoak, Keith J. · 1980 · Cognitive Psychology

Show all 3 references

Cited by (22)

1. Similarity and Analogical Reasoning
   1989 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
2. Policy Implementation and Cognition: Reframing and Refocusing Implementation Research
   Spillane, James P, Reiser, Brian J, Reimer, Todd · 2002 · Review of Educational Research
3. Neural reuse: A fundamental organizational principle of the brain
   Anderson, Michael L. · 2010 · Behavioral and Brain Sciences
4. Chapter 3: Rethinking Transfer: A Simple Proposal With Multiple Implications
   BRANSFORD, JOHN D., SCHWARTZ, DANIEL L. · 1999 · Review of Research in Education
5. Discipline‐Based Education Research: Understanding and Improving Learning in Undergraduate Science and Engineering
   Singer, Susan, Smith, Karl A. · 2013 · Journal of Engineering Education

See all 787