Developmental sex differences in verbal learning.

Kramer, Joel H., Delis, Dean C., Kaplan, Edith, O'Donnell, Louise, Prifitera, Aurelio·1997·Neuropsychology
DOI 10.1037//0894-4105.11.4.577

Abstract

Although sex differences in verbal learning and memory have been reported in adults, much less is known about when these sex differences emerge and how they develop. In this study, 401 boys and 410 girls between the ages of 5 and 16 years were administered the California Verbal Learning Test--Children's Version. Sex differences were found at all age levels. Girls performed better than boys on all of the immediate and delayed recall trials and on the delayed recognition trial. Girls were also more likely than boys to use a semantic clustering strategy and displayed more effective long-term memory mechanisms. Boys made more intrusion errors and displayed greater vulnerability to interference between the 2 test lists. Because boys had higher mean scores on Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--Revised Vocabulary, the observed female superiority in verbal learning could not be attributed to sex differences in overall word knowledge.

Cites (1)

  1. Estrogen use and verbal memory in healthy postmenopausal women
    KAMPEN, DIANE L., SHERWIN, BARBARA B. · 1994 · Obstetrics & Gynecology

Show all 1 references

Cited by (11)

  1. Striatal dopamine transporters and cognitive functioning in healthy men and women
    Mozley, Lyn Harper, Gur, Ruben C., Mozley, P. David, Gur, Raquel E. · 2001 · American Journal of Psychiatry
  2. What did you do yesterday? A meta-analysis of sex differences in episodic memory.
    Asperholm, Martin, Högman, Nadja, Rafi, Jonas, Herlitz, Agneta · 2019 · Psychological Bulletin
  3. The relation between teacher input and lexical growth of preschoolers
    BOWERS, EDMOND P., VASILYEVA, MARINA · 2011 · Applied Psycholinguistics
  4. Selective sex differences in declarative memory
    Maitland, Scott B., Herlitz, Agneta, Nyberg, Lars, Bäckman, Lars, Nilsson, Lars-Göran · 2004 · Memory & Cognition
  5. Sex moderates the association between symptoms of anxiety, but not obsessive compulsive disorder, and error-monitoring brain activity: a meta-analytic review
    Moser, Jason S., Moran, Tim P., Kneip, Chelsea, Schroder, Hans S., Larson, Michael J. · 2016 · Psychophysiology

See all 220

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Developmental sex differences in verbal learning. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0894-4105.11.4.577
The paper
Kramer, J. H., Delis, D. C., Kaplan, E., O'Donnell, L., & Prifitera, A. (1997). Developmental sex differences in verbal learning. Neuropsychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0894-4105.11.4.577

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.