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Blame, shame, and community: justice responses to violence against women
Abstract
Justice processing for crimes against women is reviewed. The data reveal conviction rates for partner violence and rape by known acquaintances are miniscule; mandatory arrest, protection orders, and diversion programs inadequately deter rebattering; few losses are compensated; and the adversarial justice process is retraumatizing, exacerbating survivor's self-blame. To better address crimes against women, several nations and tribal communities use communitarian approaches, forms of restorative justice. The offense is framed to include the perpetrator, victim, and community. The process forgoes incarceration to have family, peers, and advocates design perpetrator rehabilitation, victim restoration, and social reintegration of both victim and perpetrator. Evaluations suggest communitarian justice may increase victim satisfaction, raise the social costs of offending, multiply social control and support resources, and open a new avenue to targeted prevention.
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“Indeed, shame is experienced in the wake of many traumas, particularly sexual ones (Koss, 2000; Scarce, 2001; Deblinger and Runyon, 2005; Ahrens, 2006; Karan et al., 2014).”
From Is Shame Hallucinogenic? (2017) · cites this paper as Koss, 2000
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Metadata
- Authors
- Koss, M. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- Corresponding author
- Koss, Mary P.
- ORCID
- Koss, Mary P.
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1332-1343
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2065671975
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 95.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Keywords
- violence against women, restorative justice, intimate partner violence, rape, conviction rates, mandatory arrest, protection orders, diversion programs, retraumatization, self-blame, victim compensation, offender rehabilitation, victim satisfaction, social reintegration, crime prevention
- MeSH terms
- Female, Guilt, Humans, Rape, Shame, Social Justice, Spouse Abuse, United States
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