CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 364Child and Animal Learning DevelopmentAction Observation and SynchronizationAttachment and Relationship Dynamics

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Mother-infant face-to-face interaction: Influence is bidirectional and unrelated to periodic cycles in either partner's behavior.

Cohn, Jeffrey F., Tronick, Edward Z.·1988·Developmental Psychology
DOI 10.1037/0012-1649.24.3.386
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

During mother-infant face-to-face interactions, bidirectional influence could be achieved through either the entraining of periodic cycles in the behavior of each partner or through the stochastic organization of behaviors. To determine whether and how bidirectional influence occurs, we used both time- and frequency-domain techniques to study the interactions of 54 mother-infant pairs, 18 each at 3, 6, and 9 months of age. Behavioral descriptors for each mother and infant were scaled to reflect levels of affective involvement during each second oftbe interaction. Periodic cycles were found in infants ' expressive behavior only at 3 months and not in mothers ' behavior. Nonperiodic cycles, which were found in some mothers ' and infants ' behavior at each age, were more common. At no age was the occurrence of cycles in mothers ' or infants ' behavior related to the achievement of bidirectional influence. Similar proportions of mothers and infants were responsive to momentto-moment changes in the other's behavior, except at 6 months when the proportion of mothers was higher. Bidirectional influence was brought about by the stochastic organization of behaviors rather than through the mutual entraining of periodic cycles. Early mother-infant face-to-face interactions have a conversation-like pattern in which each partner appears to be responsive to the other. The assumption that this pattern is actually achieved by bidirectional influence has been seriously questioned in a series of papers (Gottman & Ringland, 1981;

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0012-1649.24.3.386

Cites

18 of 18 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 18 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 364

Related

Metadata

Authors
Cohn, J. F., & Tronick, E. Z.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
ORCID
Venue
Developmental Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
1988-05
Volume
24
Issue
3
Pages
386-392
ISSN
  • 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-0599
DOI
10.1037/0012-1649.24.3.386
OpenAlex
W2024364101
Cited by
364
References
18
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 12
FWCI
9.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Keywords
mother-infant interaction, face-to-face interaction, bidirectional effects, periodic cycles, emotional engagement, maternal responsiveness, early infancy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review