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Insomniacs’ perceptions of cognitive versus somatic determinants of sleep disturbance
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“A study carried out by a group of researchers in Pennsylvania reported two main phenotypes of insomnia patients: with or without objectively short TST. ( 47 )”
From Physical exercise as a therapeutic approach for adults with insomnia: Systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [47]
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Items 101–179 of 179
Stress levels are associated with poor sleep health among sexual minority men in Paris, France
Mountcastle, H., Park, S. H., Al‐Ajlouni, Y. A., Goedel, W. C., Cook, S., LUPIEN, S. J., Obasi, E. M., Hale, L. E., Jean‐Louis, G., Redline, S. S., et al. (2018) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.07.007 · Cited by 20
Sella, E., & Borella, E. (2020) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2020.1783513 · Cited by 19
“…of insomnia and its maintenance over time (Wicklow & Espie, 2000; Harvey, Gregory, & Bird, 2002; Harvey, Tang, & Browning, 2005), especially when people’s minds tend to ‘race’ out of control just as they are trying to sleep (Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980; Watts, East, & Coyle, 1995; Harvey, 2001).”
BackgroundPsychometric properties of the Insomnia Catastrophizing Scale (ICS) in a large community sample
Jansson‐Fröjmark, M., Harvey, A. G., & Flink, I. K. (2019) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2019.1588362 · Cited by 19
“…finding is that patients with insomnia complain that they cannot get to sleep because of unpleasant intrusive thoughts and excessive and uncontrollable worry during the pre-sleep period (Gross & Borkovec, 1982; Espie, Brooks, & Lindsay, 1989; Harvey, 2000; Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980).”
BackgroundPresleep Cognitive Hyperarousal and Affect as Factors in Objective and Subjective Insomnia
Kuisk, L. A., Bertelson, A. D., & Walsh, J. K. (1989) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/00315125890693-228 · Cited by 19
Ma, Y., Mullington, J. M., Wayne, P. M., & Yeh, G. Y. (2024) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.034 · Cited by 21
An integrated model of chronic trauma‐induced insomnia
Roberge, E. M., & Bryan, C. J. (2020) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2495 · Cited by 18
“Cognitive arousal has been cited by patients with insomnia as the primary barrier to sleep initiation (Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980) and has shown strong correlations with both perceived and observed sleep onset latency in good sleepers (Wicklow & Espie, 2000), suggesting that cognitive arousal may…”
BackgroundPsychological and Behavioral Treatments for Insomnia II
Edinger, J. D., Leggett, M. K., Carney, C. E., & Manber, R. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-24288-2.00086-6 · Cited by 17
Complexity of Wake Electroencephalography Correlates With Slow Wave Activity After Sleep Onset
Hou, F., Yu, Z., Peng, C., Yang, A. C., Wu, C., & Ma, Y. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00809 · Cited by 16
“In fact, most people with insomnia complain of being unable to fall asleep because they cannot switch off their “racing” mind (Lichstein and Rosenthal, 1980; Espie et al., 1989; Harvey, 2000).”
BackgroundMarques, D. R., Gomes, A. A., Clemente, V., dos Santos, J. M., Duarte, I. C., Caetano, G., & Castelo-Branco, M. S. (2017) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000194 · Cited by 16
“According to some authors, PI patients are ten times more likely to report their perceived pattern of cognitive arousal as more disturbed than the physiological one [8].”
BackgroundWork-related stress and sleep quality—the mediating role of rumination: a longitudinal analysis
Matti, N., Mauczok, C., Eder, J., Wekenborg, M., Penz, M. S., Walther, A., Kirschbaum, C., Specht, M. B., & Rothe, N. (2024) · Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin · doi:10.1007/s11818-024-00481-4 · Cited by 17
Promoting mental health in students: is there a role for sleep?
Ellis, J. G., & Fox, P. (2004) · The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health · doi:10.1177/146642400412400314 · Cited by 14
Subjective sleep‐related variables in those who have and have not experienced sleep paralysis
Denis, D., French, C. C., Schneider, M. N., & Gregory, A. M. (2017) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.12650 · Cited by 11
“Previous research has shown that both cognitive ª 2017 European Sleep Research Society and somatic levels of presleep arousal are linked to difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep (Harvey, 2000; Lichstein and Rosenthal, 1980; Tang and Harvey, 2004).”
Background‘Folk Theories’ About the Causes of Insomnia
Harvey, A. G., Soehner, A. M., Lombrozo, T., Bélanger, L., Rifkin, J. B., & Morin, C. M. (2013) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-013-9543-2 · Cited by 10
“The importance of ‘thinking patterns’, the CAM-I phrasing for cognitive arousal, is consistent with our prediction and previous research (e.g., Lichstein and Rosenthal 1980).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialClinical application of behavior therapy for insomnia
Nicassio, P. M., & Buchanan, D. C. (1981) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0010-440x(81)90040-7 · Cited by 11
Meaklim, H., Junge, M. F., Varma, P., Finck, W. A., & Jackson, M. L. (2023) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2022.2074996 · Cited by 9
“…contribution of somatic arousal to insomnia symptomatology was not as strong as that of pre-sleep cognitive arousal and reduced after controlling for perceived stress, consistent with previous studies (Kennett et al., 2021; Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980; Peters et al., 2021; Tousignant et al., 2019).”
ResultRegulation of Sleepiness: The Role of the Arousal System
Bakotić, M., & Radošević-Vidaček, B. (2012) · Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju · doi:10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2137 · Cited by 11
Leigh, T. J. (1990) · Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology · doi:10.3109/03009749009092616 · Cited by 10
Standard CBT‐I Protocol for the Treatment of Insomnia Disorder
Espie, C. A. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119891192.ch2 · Cited by 13
Ma, Y., Hou, F., Yang, A. C., Ahn, A. C., Fan, L., & Peng, C. (2018) · Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications · doi:10.1016/j.physa.2018.08.043 · Cited by 9
Cognitive Arousal and Sleep Complaints in Chronic Pain
Dillon, H. R., Thomas, S. J., & Lichstein, K. L. (2011) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9420-9 · Cited by 10
“However, people with insomnia are more likely to attribute their sleeping difficulties to cognitive factors than to somatic ones (Lichstein and Rosenthal 1980).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMiller‐Mendes, M., Castilho, P., Clara, M. I., Clemente, V., & Gomes, A. A. (2023) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2023.101013 · Cited by 11
The role of preoccupation in attributions for poor sleep
Ellis, J. G., Hampson, S. E., & Cropley, M. (2007) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2006.08.011 · Cited by 8
Information processing during sleep and stress‐related sleep vulnerability
Lin, Y., Jen, C.-H., & Yang, C. (2014) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12206 · Cited by 7
“For instance, insomnia patients showed a higher level of autonomic nervous system activities, as indicated by higher body temperature,(1) heart rate,(2) and metabolic rate,(3,4) and reported more ruminative thoughts as well as cognitive activities prior to sleep.(5,6) Perlis et al.”
BackgroundVerification of the Integrated Model of Insomnia Including Cognitive Process and Stress
조영은, & Kwon, J. (2012) · The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.15842/kjcp.2012.31.1.007 · Cited by 6
Do Patients With Sleep Maintenance Insomnia Have a Problem With Sleep Maintenance?
Thacher, P. V., Pigeon, W. R., & Perlis, M. L. (2006) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15402010bsm0404_1 · Cited by 6
“…(Saper, Chou, & Scammell, 2001), (b) arousal responses to internal (bodily sensations) or external (environmental) stimuli, or (c) cognitive overactivity, including such problems as rumination or increased sensitivity to one’s own thoughts or worries (Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980; Mitchell, 1977).”
BackgroundPrevalence and Associated Factors of Insomnia in College Students with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Yang, Y.-Y., & Jun, S. (2018) · Korean Journal of Adult Nursing · doi:10.7475/kjan.2018.30.3.235 · Cited by 5
“그러나 Lichstein과 Rosenthal [15]은 수면 전 생 리적 각성은 인지적 각성에 비해 불면증에 낮은 영향력을 보이 지만 두 요인이 공존할 때 불면증에 더욱 부정적인 영향을 미친 다고 하였고, Orr 등[8]은 과민대장증후군에서 수면장애를 보 인 군은 정상 수면군 보다 교감신경계가 과활성화와 같은 생리 적 각성이 높다고 하였다.”
InfluentialYu, J., Xiang, T., & Pan, J. (2020) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2020.113035 · Cited by 6
“Compared with physical disorders, cognitive disorders have a greater impact on insomnia (Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980).”
BackgroundJansson‐Fröjmark, M., Sunnhed, R., Carney, C. E., & Rosendahl, I. K. (2024) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2024.2374264 · Cited by 5
“Several studies have demonstrated that patients with insomnia complain that they cannot get to sleep due to excessive and uncontrollable worry during the pre-sleep period (Borkovec, 1982; Espie et al., 1989; Harvey, 2000; Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980).”
Psychological and Behavioral Treatments for Insomnia II
Edinger, J. D., Means, M. K., Carney, C. E., & Manber, R. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6645-3.00080-3 · Cited by 5
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
Perlis, M. L., Smith, M. T., Jungquist, C. R., Nowakowski, S., Orff, H. J., & Soeffing, J. P. (2003) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-662-1_13 · Cited by 8
Primary and secondary insomnia
Lichstein, K. L., Gellis, L. A., Stone, K. C., & Nau, S. D. (2006) · Birkhäuser-Verlag eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-7643-7440-3_1 · Cited by 5
Self-citationXie, S., Gao, C., Yang, Z. L., & Wang, R. Y. (2005) · International Conference on Neural Interface and Control · doi:10.1109/icnic.2005.1499836 · Cited by 4
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
Baron, K. G., Perlis, M. L., Nowakowski, S., Smith, M. T., Jungquist, C. R., & Orff, H. J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41400-3_6 · Cited by 4
Goodhines, P. A., Svingos, A. M., Gerish, S., Park, A., & Gellis, L. A. (2022) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2022.2109031 · Cited by 6
“33,40”
Lee, Y.-H., & 이경진 (2013) · Korean Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.17315/kjhp.2013.18.1.008 · Cited by 4
Neuere Modellvorstellungen zu Ätiologie und Pathophysiologie der psychophysiologischen Insomnie
Sobanski, T., Feige, B., & Riemann, D. W. (1999) · Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin · doi:10.1007/s11818-999-0031-6 · Cited by 3
Cognitive therapy for insomnia
Espie, C., & Ellis, J. (2016) · Medical psychiatry · doi:10.3109/9781420080803.027
Empirically Supported Treatments for Insomnia
King, N. J., Dudley, A. L., Melvin, G. A., Pallant, J., & Morawetz, D. (2001) · Scandinavian Journal of Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/02845710118493 · Cited by 3
“In fact, some findings suggest that cognitive rather than physiological arousal retards sleep onset (Gross & Borkovec, 1982; Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980).”
BackgroundSleep quality and self-regulation
Gieselmann, A., de Jong‐Meyer, R., & Pietrowsky, R. (2017) · Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin · doi:10.1007/s11818-017-0137-1 · Cited by 3
“Hyperarousal is an essential feature of explaining poor sleep quality [9, 13, 31], and individuals suffering from poor sleep quality perceive a lack of control over their sleep [36] andpredominantly identify difficulties in turning off thoughts as the major cause of their difficulties [26].”
BackgroundSella, E., Carbone, E., & Borella, E. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13020271 · Cited by 2
“Having one’s mind “race out of control” just before sleep, as presented by theoretical models of insomnia [7] and in findings from several studies [13,14], can affect one’s sleep quality in terms of difficulty in sleep initiation and/or maintenance [7,15,16].”
BackgroundInsomnia and Physical Activity Among Medical Students: a Cross-Sectional Study
Toubasi, A. A., AlSamhori, J. F., Falih, R. S., Alshadeedi, F., Samhouri, A. E. F., Tarazi, A., AlSamhori, A. F., & Kalbouneh, H. (2023) · SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine · doi:10.1007/s42399-023-01593-y · Cited by 4
“Studies showed that pre-sleep thinking such as worrying and analyzing at bedtime are significantly correlated with insomnia [39].”
Utility of Personality Measurement of Clinic Patients with Insomnia
Sexton–Radek, K., Pichler-Maury, R., & Urban, A. (2007) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.104.2.677-686 · Cited by 2
Sleep Quality and Risk of Alcohol Misuse
Kenney, S. R. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-420168-2.00036-3 · Cited by 2
Does The Sleep and Emotion Regulation Mediates The Effects of Stress and Worry on Well-being?
심태경, & MinKyuRhee (2013) · Korean Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.17315/kjhp.2013.18.4.011 · Cited by 2
The Jordanian Version of the Thought Control Questionnaire Insomnia-Revised (TCQI-R)
Aldahadha, B., & Karaki, W. (2021) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-021-00398-z · Cited by 2
“The study’s results were congruent with a number of previous studies (Espie, 1991; Harvey, 2000; Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980).”
ResultStokes, A., Poindexter, M., Bell, K., & Mellman, T. A. (2022) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2022.2057986 · Cited by 2
“Lichstein and Rosenthal (1980) found that cognitive rather than somatic arousal was endorsed as the major contributor to their insomnia in a sample of 296 individuals with insomnia.”
BackgroundRiedel, B. W., & Lichstein, K. L. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1456-9_18 · Cited by 2
Self-citationTerminologický a výkladový slovník dopravní psychologie: česko-slovensko-anglicko-německý
Šucha, M., Vlčková, I., Černochová, D., Zámečník, P., Rehnová, V., Hamerníková, V., Kořán, M., Kurečková, V., Lehnerová, J., Plíhal, J., et al. (2016) · doi:10.5507/ff.16.24451381 · Cited by 1
Isaksson, S., Henriksson, V., Salim, O., Bäccman, C., & Norell, A. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106595 · Cited by 1
Pre-sleep arousal as a possible mechanism driving sleep problems in relation to ADHD traits
Smullen, D., Kolodny, T., Bagshaw, A. P., & Mevorach, C. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-09866-3 · Cited by 2
“Unlike what has been found in insomnia patients 19 the differences in associative strength between somatic and cognitive arousal with ADHD symptom severity were not significant.”
Sleep-Related Cognitive Processes
Carney, C. E., & Edinger, J. D. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1434-7_7 · Cited by 1
Behavioral Treatment of Insomnia
Edinger, J. D., & Carney, C. E. (2008) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9781420019926-8 · Cited by 2
Conlan-Trant, R., Connolly, P., O'Sullivan, A., Nasa, A., Sammon, M., & Alexander, L. (2022) · Irish Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1108/ijot-09-2021-0021 · Cited by 1
Lina, M.-V., & Minotta-Valencia, C. (2019) · Archivos de Neurociencias · doi:10.31157/an.v24i3.183 · Cited by 1
Klumpp, H., Feurer, C., Chang, F., & Kapella, M. C. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14010104 · Cited by 1
Sánchez-Ortuño, M. M., & Edinger, J. D. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2089-1_60 · Cited by 1
Phenotypic Characteristics of Insomnia Disorder ☆
Drake, C. L., & Pillai, V. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.01016-6 · Cited by 1
Brunt, D. L. V., Riedel, B. W., & Lichstein, K. L. (1996) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1528-3_14 · Cited by 1
Self-citationCarney, C. E. (2002) · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.564
“As the COG and SOM subscales are substantially independent, and most patients do not report high amounts of somatic arousal (Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980), it is perhaps not that surprising that cognitive arousal, and not somatic arousal, was significantly affected by the intervention.”
BackgroundResultChambers, M. J. (1995) · Plenum series in rehabilitation and health · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1028-8_5
Neurobiological Mechanisms in Chronic Insomnia
Perlis, M. L., Pigeon, W. R., Gehrman, P., Findley, J., & Drummond, S. P. A. (2012) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2012.06.005
Schlarb, A. A. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54577-1_32
Schlarb, A. A. (2023) · Psychotherapie: Praxis · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-64968-8_25
Musich, M. L. (2023) · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri) · doi:10.32469/10355/97091
Predicting the Persistence of Insomnia Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Ta, Z., Gilles, A. A., Parsinejad, N., Egger, M. J., & Baron, K. G. (2023) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2023.2298377
“…elevated levels of somatic arousal have been linked to difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep (Tang & Harvey, 2004), but other papers have found that cognitive arousal may be a better determining factor in sleep disturbance (Harvey, 2000; Kalmbach et al., 2020; Lichstein & Rosenthal, 1980).”
BackgroundFrequency and categorization of presleep fantasies
Szente, A. T., Alhour, H. A., Áfra, E., Arató, Á., Dudás, B., Szűcs, A., Horváth, R. A., Kovács, N., Darnai, G., & Janszky, J. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-83642-7
“Cognitive activity during the presleep period has been suggested to influence sleep quality and thus the contribution to insomnia for a long time 1 , however, the content of presleep thoughts remains on the periphery of this research field 2,3 .”
Cognitive-affective disengagement: 24h rhythm in insomniacs versus healthy good sleepers
Lushington, K., Dorrian, J., Dongen, H. P. A. V., & Lack, L. C. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106881
Fabbri, M., Mirolli, M., & Martoni, M. (2025) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci15111196
“Conceptualizing arousal as a multidimensional and state-dependent construct, researchers have distinguished between cognitive and somatic components [38,39,44,51,52].”
“Breathing a Lullaby”: Shaping Pre-Sleep Relaxation Through Multimodal Biofeedback
Shi, Y., Xu, W., Bai, Y., Chen, Y., Shan, H., Wang, C., Zhang, J., & Hu, Y. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2672591
Metadata
- Authors
- Lichstein, K. L., & Rosenthal, T. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Memphis (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 1980
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 105-107
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2037727848
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 4.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- insomnia, sleep disorders, cognitive factors, patient perspectives
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arousal, Cognition, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Psychophysiologic Disorders
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