The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Tokenism in performance evaluation: The effects of work group representation on male-female and White-Black differences in performance ratings.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Milliken, F. J., & Martins, L. L. (1996) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1996.9605060217 · Cited by 3,413
Nishii, L. H., & Mayer, D. M. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017190 · Cited by 689
Performance appraisal and performance management: 100 years of progress?
DeNisi, A. S., & Murphy, K. R. (2017) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000085 · Cited by 677
Dasgupta, N. (2011) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2011.607313 · Cited by 466
Stewart, A. J., & McDermott, C. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141537 · Cited by 450
Metadata
- Authors
- Sackett, P. R., DuBois, C. L., & Noe, A. W.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Psychology
- Published
- 1991-04
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 263-267
- ISSN
- 0021-9010 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1854
- OpenAlex
- W1980129311
- Cited by
- 284
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 12.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Tokenism in performance evaluation: The effects of work group representation on male-female and White-Black differences in performance ratings. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/0021-9010.76.2.263
- The paper
- Sackett, P. R., DuBois, C. L., & Noe, A. W. (1991). Tokenism in performance evaluation: The effects of work group representation on male-female and White-Black differences in performance ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.76.2.263
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.