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The relationship of self-reported distress to depressive disorders and other psychopathology
Abstract
The relationship between self-reported depression and a clinical diagnosis of depression was investigated. Within 2 weeks of completing the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), a stratified sample of 425 primary medical care patients received the structured interview for the DSM-III-R. In the weighted data set, the CES-D was significantly related to a diagnosis of depression but also to other Axis I disorders. Most distressed subjects were not depressed, a fifth of the patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) had low distress, and the CES-D performed as well in detecting anxiety as in detecting depression. MDD, other depression diagnoses, and anxiety and substance use disorders were all significant predictors of CES-D score. Differences in demographic variables, treatment history, and impairment highlight the nonequivalence of the self-report scale and diagnosable depression. The use of a self-report in place of an interview-based diagnostic measure in the study of depression, as well as the use of such a report as a screening device, is discussed.
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“it has been shown that most individuals who are distressed about their chronic disease are not clinically depressed (27)”
From Diabetes distress but not clinical depression or depressive symptoms is associated with glycemic control in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses (2010) · cites this paper as [27]
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Documentation of Affective Functioning Measures in the Health and Retirement Study
Steffick, D. (2000) · doi:10.7826/isr-um.06.585031.001.05.0005.2000 · Cited by 476
Clinical implications of "subthreshold" depressive symptoms.
Lewinsohn, P. M., Solomon, A., Seeley, J. R., & Zeiss, A. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.2.345 · Cited by 503
Metadata
- Authors
- Fechner-Bates, S., Coyne, J. C., & Schwenk, T. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 1994
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 550-559
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W2054700728
- Cited by
- 273
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 15.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH4376)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- self-reported distress, depressive disorders, major depressive disorder, CES-D, psychopathology, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, Axis I disorders, screening, diagnostic validity, DSM-III-R
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Care Team, Personality Assessment, Personality Inventory, Primary Health Care, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results
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