CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 138Advanced Causal Inference TechniquesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingStatistical Methods and Bayesian Inference

An introduction to the logic, assumptions, and basic analytic procedures of two-stage least squares.

James, Lawrence R., Singh, B. Krishna·1978·Psychological Bulletin
DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.85.5.1104
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0033-2909.85.5.1104

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet

References 43 · Cited by 138

Authors
James, L. R., & Singh, B. K.
Affiliations
Texas Christian University (US)
Venue
Psychological Bulletin
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
1978-09
Volume
85
Issue
5
Pages
1104-1122
ISSN
  • 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1455
DOI
10.1037/0033-2909.85.5.1104
OpenAlex
W2034422325
Cited by
138
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 6
FWCI
5.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
Keywords
two-stage least squares, instrumental variables, endogeneity, econometric estimation, regression analysis, causal inference

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review