The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Perceptual speed in adulthood: cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
Abstract
Cross-sectional data on age differences in perceptual speed are presented from the Seattle Longitudinal Study for the age range 22-91 years (N = 1,620, first assessed in 1977; N = 628, first assessed in 1984). In addition, 838 subjects were followed over the 7-year interval. Markers of perceptual speed were the Identical Pictures and Finding A's tests from the ETS Kit of Factor-Referenced Tests. Significant age differences, age changes, and cohort differences were found at both observed variable and latent construct levels. Cross-lagged correlations examine the role of perceptual speed in predicting later performance on other abilities (Verbal Meaning, Inductive Reasoning, Spatial Orientation, Number, and Word Fluency). When perceptual speed is partialled out of scores for these abilities, aging effects are reduced markedly for all abilities, but least for Spatial Orientation and Inductive Reasoning.
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“This single factor in turn accounts for a significant proportion of the variance found in mental abilities such as fluid intelligence and working memory capacity (Salthouse, 1993; Schaie, 1989).”
From Reducing working memory load in spoken dialogue systems (2009) · cites this paper as Schaie, 1989
In the citing paper
“However, it has been argued that cognitive slowing cannot fully account for age-related cognitive decline (Bugg et al., 2006; Salthouse, 1991; Schaie, 1989).”
From Reducing working memory load in spoken dialogue systems (2009) · cites this paper as Schaie, 1989
Citations
Cites
Handbook of the Psychology of Aging
Schaie, K. W., Willis, S. L., Knight, B. G., & Park, D. C. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2012-0-07221-3 · Cited by 3,440
Self-citation(1990) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · Cited by 1,411
Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Maddox, G. L., & Lawton, M. P. (1988) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-38443-5 · Cited by 1,214
Borgatta, E. F., & Loeb, M. B. (1979) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/016402757911001 · Cited by 731
Cross-lagged panel correlation: A test for spuriousness.
Kenny, D. A. (1975) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.82.6.887 · Cited by 546
Salthouse, T. A. (1985) · Cited by 538
Longitudinal Studies of Adult Psychological Development
(1984) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/39.6.765a · Cited by 470
Myths about longitudinal research.
Rogosa, D. (1988) · Cited by 436
Methodological Issues in Aging Research.
Spiro, A., Schaie, K. W., Campbell, R. T., Meredith, W., & Rawlings, S. C. (1990) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072533 · Cited by 323
Self-citationBehavioral slowing with age: Causes, organization, and consequences.
Birren, J. E., Woods, A. M., & Williams, M. V. (1980) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10050-021 · Cited by 261
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1 of the 29 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
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The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition
Salthouse, T. A. (1996) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.103.3.403 · Cited by 5,902
Aging and measures of processing speed
Salthouse, T. A. (2000) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(00)00052-1 · Cited by 1,114
Verhaeghen, P., & Salthouse, T. A. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.122.3.231 · Cited by 1,078
The course of adult intellectual development.
Schaie, K. W. (1994) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.49.4.304 · Cited by 822
Self-citationSalthouse, T. A. (1991) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00127.x · Cited by 615
Metadata
- Authors
- Schaie, K. W.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schaie, K. Warner
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 1989
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 443-453
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- OpenAlex
- W1974333221
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 7.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2006-07-10)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG04770-03)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- perceptual speed, aging, age differences, cognitive aging, Seattle Longitudinal Study, latent constructs, cohort differences, verbal meaning, inductive reasoning, spatial orientation, number processing, verbal fluency, cross-lagged correlations
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Individuality, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mental Processes, Middle Aged, Perception, Psychological Tests, Psychometrics
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