The importance of covariate selection in controlling for selection bias in observational studies.

Steiner, Peter M., Cook, Thomas D., Shadish, William R., Clark, M. H.·2010·Psychological Methods
DOI 10.1037/a0018719

Cited by (483)

Items 401–483 of 483

  1. Propensity Score Methods for Causal Inference: On the Relative Importance of Covariate Selection, Reliable Measurement, and Choice of Propensity Score Technique
    Peter M. Steiner · 2011 · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics
  2. IMPROVING THE RIGOR OF QUASI- EXPERIMENTAL IMPACT EVALUATIONS Lessons for Teen Pregnancy Prevention Researchers
    Brian Goesling, Joanne Lee · 2015 · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics
  3. On Selection Bias Magnitudes
    Julius Najab · 2014
  4. New Exploration of Framework in Psychological Research Methods
    志巍 卢 · 2015 · Advances in Psychology
  5. Besondere Fördereffekte des Frühübergangs in Gymnasien
    Michael Becker, Nele McElvany, Oliver Lüdtke · 2014
  6. Reply
    Karim Jarir Halazun, Rachel E. Patzer, Abbas A. Rana, Benjamin Samstein, Robert S. Brown, Jean C. Emond · 2015 · Hepatology
  7. Hospital Profiling of the Cesarean Delivery Procedure for the State of Georgia, 2012
    Denise Giles · 2016 · ScholarWorks (Walden University)
  8. Assessing sensitivity of Early Head Start study findings to manipulated randomization threats
    Sheridan Green · 2013 · Scholarship & Creative Works - Digital UNC a service of University Libraries (University of Northern Colorado)
  9. IDENTIFICATION, ESTIMATION, AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF CONTAGION EFFECTS USING LONGITUDINAL SOCIAL NETWORK DATA
    Ran Xu · 2016 · Michigan State University Libraries
  10. Slum upgrading strategies and their effects on health and socio-economic outcomes
    Ruth Turley, Ruhi Saith, Oxford PolicyManagement, Nandita Bhan, Eva Annette Rehfuess, Ben Carter · 2016
  11. Penny and Pound: Unpacking the Impacts of the Fringe Economy on Household Economic Wellbeing
    Zibei Chen · 2018 · Louisiana State University
  12. The Impact of Tracking Students in Mathematics on Middle School Student Achievement Outcomes
    David P. Glasner · 2018 · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
  13. PROTOCOL: Vocational and business training to increase women's participation in higher skilled occupations in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review
    Marjorie Chinen, Thomas de Hoop, María Balarin, Lorena Alcázar · 2016 · Campbell Systematic Reviews
  14. Evaluation of Texas Home Instruction for Parents of Preschool Youngsters Program on Reading and Math Achievement for Grades K to 8
    Noor Amal Saud Abdulaziz · 2019 · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)
  15. Examining Therapist Experience with Resistant Clients
    Elisha Ibebunjo · 2021 · Digital Commons at National Lewis University (National Lewis University)
  16. Maternal Borderline Personality Disorder and Child Development: An Examination of Risk Transmission and Statistical Approaches to Inference
    Grace Binion · 2021 · Scholars' Bank (University of Oregon)
  17. The Role of Dosage and Quality of Head Start Experiences in the Development of Self-Regulation
    Carolina Melo · 2017
  18. The Sensitivity of Small Area Estimates under Propensity Score Subclassification for Generalization
    Wendy Chan · 2021 · Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness
  19. Data-driven Covariate Selection for Confounding Adjustment by Focusing on the Stability of the Effect Estimator
    Wen Wei Loh, Dongning Ren · 2021
  20. Leveraging Customer-Sales Force Interactions To Create Future Value for the Firm
    Yashar Atefi · 2016
  21. Preface
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  22. Construct and Data-Evaluation Validity
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  23. Single-Case Experimental Research Designs
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  24. Control and Comparison Groups
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  25. Cautions, Negative Effects, and Replication
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  26. Selecting Measures for Research
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  27. An Empirical Validation of the Regression Point Displacement Design Using Within-Study Comparison Logic: Emerging Possibilities and Cautions
    Joshua Hendrickse, William H. Yeaton · 2021 · Evaluation Review
  28. Glossary
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  29. Special Topics of Assessment
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  30. References
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  31. Ideas that Begin the Research Process
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  32. Methodology
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  33. Subject Index
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  34. Presenting and Analyzing the Data
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  35. Name Index
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  36. Scientific Integrity
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  37. Introduction
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  38. Assessment: Types of Measures and Their Use
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  39. Experimental Research Using Group Designs
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  40. Ethical Issues and Guidelines for Research
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  41. Communication of Research Findings
    Alan E. Kazdin · 2021 · Cambridge University Press eBooks
  42. Wie verändert sich die Unterrichts- und Schulqualität, die Leistung und die Schülerzusammensetzung nach der Schulinspektionsdiagnose „erheblicher Entwicklungsbedarf“?
    Marina Wenger, Holger Gärtner, Martin Brunner · 2022 · Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft
  43. How Within-Study Comparisons can Inform Research and Evaluation Design for the Third Sector
    Kaitlin P. Anderson, Patrick J. Wolf · 2022 · VOLUNTAS International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations
  44. Introduction to Causal Inference Approaches
    Elizabeth A. Stuart, Sarah Naeger · 2017 · Health services research
  45. Evaluating the degree of “unhappy randomization” in psychology: Are psychology experiments appropriately arranged to counter internal validity threats?
    Chih-Long Yen, Chung‐Ping Cheng · 2017
  46. Faculty Opinions recommendation of Input Subject Diversity Enhances Early Grammatical Growth: Evidence from a Parent-Implemented Intervention.
    Erika Hoff · 2021 · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature
  47. Data-driven Covariate Selection for Confounding Adjustment by Focusing on the Stability of the Effect Estimator
    Wen Wei Loh, Dongning Ren · 2021
  48. Immediate and Longer-Term Effects of Modeling Desired Behavior and Collaborating when Toddlers are Noncompliant
    Robert E. Larzelere, Kathy L. Ritchie, Sada J. Knowles, Jessica Curtis, Hua Lin, Melissa G. Oliver, Jasmine F. Bigler, William A. Larzelere · 2022 · Journal of Child and Family Studies
  49. Are teachers meeting students’ needs in untracked science classrooms? Evidence based on a causal inferential approach
    Eric Ho, MICHAEL H. SELTZER, Minjeong Jeon · 2024 · PLoS ONE
  50. Flight passes do stimulate consumers’ spending: A case study of China Eastern Airlines’ “Wild Your Weekends”
    Zhi Dou, Volodymyr Bilotkach, Yi Gao · 2024 · Journal of Air Transport Management
  51. Dynamic capabilities, firm performance and firm adaptation in New Zealand
    Ng, Timothy · 2024
  52. After the ink dries: Body art disclosure decisions by white‐collar employees
    Barrie E. Litzky, Veronica M. Godshalk, Tammy L. MacLean · 2024 · Business and Society Review
  53. Stability and Change of Spirituality Following Childbirth: Longitudinal Evidence from Data of the Swiss Household Panel Using Multiple Propensity Score Matching Analyses
    Friedemann Trutzenberg, Michael Eid · 2025 · SSRN Electronic Journal
  54. Class Enumeration and Parameter Bias in Growth Mixture Models with Misspecified Time-Varying Covariates: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study
    Jayme M. Palka · 2020 · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)
  55. Sleep Profiles Among Ethnically-Racially Minoritized Adolescents: Associations with Sociocultural Experiences and Developmental Outcomes
    Jinjin Yan, Mingjun Xie, Zhenqiang Zhao, Heining Cham, Mona El‐Sheikh, Tiffany Yip · 2025 · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology
  56. Adjusting for baseline measurements of the mediators and outcome as a first step toward eliminating confounding biases in mediation analysis
    Wen Wei Loh, Dongning Ren · 2025
  57. A Practical Guide to Impact Threshold of a Confounding Variable (ITCV) and Robustness of Inference to Replacement (RIR)
    Guan Kung Saw · 2025
  58. “Shaking the ladder” reveals how analytic choices can influence associations in nutrition epidemiology: beef intake and coronary heart disease as a case study
    Colby J. Vorland, Lauren E O’Connor, Beate Henschel, Cuiqiong Huo, James M. Shikany, Carlos A. Serrano, Robert Henschel, Stephanie Dickinson, Keisuke Ejima, Aurelian Bidulescu et al. · 2025 · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
  59. A practical guide to causal moderation analysis for investigating the role of context, identity, and culture in intervention research
    Nianbo Dong, Keith C. Herman, Benjamin M. Kelcey, Sirui Ren, Wendy M. Reinke, Jessaca K. Spybrook · 2025 · Journal of School Psychology
  60. Sibling Models Can Test Causal Claims without Experiments: Applications for Psychology
    S. Mason Garrison, Jonathan D. Trattner, Xuanyu Lyu, Hannah Robertson Prillaman, Laura McKinzie, Sarah Thompson, Joseph Lee Rodgers · 2025 · medRxiv
  61. Towards fairer AI: Integrating psychological insights into gender bias testing
    Ruoxuan Li · 2025 · AI & Society
  62. Sex differences in response to violence: role of salience network expansion and connectivity on depression
    Ellyn R. Butler, Noelle I. Samia, Amanda F. Mejia, Damon Pham, Adam Robert Pines, Robin Nusslock · 2025 · Translational Psychiatry
  63. Multimorbidity measurement strategies for predicting hospital visits
    Bernardo Duque Neves, José M. Moreira, Simão Gonçalves, Jorge Cerejo, Inês Mota, Nuno A. Silva, Francisca Leite, Mário J. Silva · 2025 · BMC Health Services Research
  64. Effectiveness of Propensity Score Methods in a Multilevel Framework: A Monte Carlo Study
    Aarti P. Bellara · 2013 · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)
  65. Additional file 2 of Assessment and determinants of depression and anxiety on a global sample of sexual and gender diverse people at high risk of HIV: a public health approach
    Erik Lamontagne, Vincent Leroy, Anna Yakusik, Warren Parker, Sean Howell, Bruno Ventelou · 2024 · Figshare
  66. Additional file 1 of Assessment and determinants of depression and anxiety on a global sample of sexual and gender diverse people at high risk of HIV: a public health approach
    Erik Lamontagne, Vincent Leroy, Anna Yakusik, Warren Parker, Sean Howell, Bruno Ventelou · 2024 · Figshare
  67. A Practical Guide to Impact Threshold of a Confounding Variable (ITCV) and Robustness of Inference to Replacement (RIR)
    Qinyun Lin, Ken Frank, Joshua Rosenberg, Guan Saw, K. Bret Staudt Willet, Spiro Maroulis, Ran Xu · 2025 · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)
  68. Emotion Beliefs and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese American and Mexican American Parents in Low-Income Immigrant Families
    Erika L. Roach, Iris B. Mauss, Yuuko Uchikoshi, Qing Zhou · 2026 · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
  69. Propensity Score Methods in Quasi‐Experimental Research
    Donna L. Coffman · 2026 · Wiley eBooks
  70. Treatment effects
    Jiwoo Kim, Felix Thoemmes · 2026 · Elsevier eBooks
  71. Can robot chefs overcome consumer food technology Neophobia? The role of message framing and robot anthropomorphism
    Jihee Choi · 2026 · Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights
  72. How should pretest measures be included in multilevel models when examining the effects of teacher or school variables on learning?
    Carmen Köhler, Peter A. Edelsbrunner, Steffen Zitzmann, Marie-Ann Sengewald · 2026 · Studies In Educational Evaluation
  73. Sibling Models Can Test Causal Claims without Experiments: Applications for Psychology
    Joseph Lee Rodgers, S. Mason Garrison, Laura McKinzie, Jonathan D. Trattner · 2025 · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
  74. Humanizing the Base of the Pyramid: Exploring the Influence of Resource (Dis)Advantages on Value Creation
    Ted London, Lisa Jones Christensen, Tyson Brighton Mackey, Alison Mackey, Heather Esper, Andrew C. Grogan‐Kaylor · 2026 · Journal of Business Ethics
  75. Real-world evidence from a prospective longitudinal cohort study assessing changes in smoking behavior among adults using NJOY ACE tobacco and menthol ENDS products
    Kate Vergara, Derek A. Pope, Mohamadi A. Sarkar · 2026 · Drug and Alcohol Dependence
  76. Effect of the Great Green Wall Initiatives on Livelihood Capitals of Households in the Frontline States in Nigeria
    Cecy Edijala Balogun · 2026 · AgroEnvironmental Sustainability
  77. Promoting Academic Success Through University Microgrants for Students
    Katharine M. Broton, Solomon Fenton-Miller, Nicholas A. Bowman · 2026 · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis
  78. Association of body mass index with in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing total thoracoscopic isolated valve surgery
    Zheng Xu, Feng Lin, Liangwan Chen, Xiao-Fu Dai, Zhiqin Lin · 2026 · Research Square
  79. Making sense of development: What within-person and between-person patterns reveal
    Tiffany Yip, Youchuan Zhang, Yijie Wang, Qi Huang, Nidia Ruedas‐Gracia, Jinjin Yan, Zhenqiang Zhao, Kyle Lorenzo, Jiawei Wu, Heining Cham · 2026 · Child Development Perspectives
  80. The Role of Microgrants in Improving Low-Income Students’ Academic and Financial Outcomes Across Demographic Characteristics
    Bradley R. Curs, Casandra Elena Harper, Sangmin Park · 2026 · The Journal of Higher Education
  81. Initial Evidence of Mathematics Interpretation Bias Intervention Effects on College Students’ Mathematics Anxiety
    Connie Barroso, Xiaotong Yi, Zhe Wang · 2026 · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
  82. Group-Based Medical Mistrust and Healthcare Utilization Among Racially and Ethnically Minoritized Adults
    Erin C. Walton · 2026 · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
  83. Pretest measures – To include or not to include?
    Carmen Köhler, Johannes Hartig · 2026 · Learning and Instruction