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Coral Growth and Geochronometry
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“estimates that Archaeopteryx somatically matured in no less than 970 days (Figure 9) (there were 375 days in a Late Jurassic year; [37])”
From Was Dinosaurian Physiology Inherited by Birds? Reconciling Slow Growth in Archaeopteryx (2009) · cites this paper as [37]
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Research works printed but not linked: 7
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Suntola, T. (2025) · Journal of Physics, Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2948/1/012003 · Cited by 3
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Shweiki, D. (2001) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1054/mehy.2000.1259 · Cited by 3
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Evolution and present state of the problems of the Earth's expansion and pulsations
Milanovskiy, Y. Y. (1983) · doi:10.1080/00206818309466747 · Cited by 3
Section of Geological Sciences: TIDAL AMPLITUDES IN GEOLOGICAL HISTORY*
Olson, W. S. (1970) · doi:10.1111/j.2164-0947.1970.tb02054.x · Cited by 3
Wade, N. (1969) · Nature · doi:10.1038/223243a0 · Cited by 3
Li, C., Cui, J., Zhang, Y., Zheng, H., & Shuai, R. (2025) · Engineering Failure Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2025.110396 · Cited by 2
Han, F., Zhao, Q., Hu, J., & Xu, X. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.18761 · Cited by 2
Gordon, R., & Mikhailovsky, G. E. (2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119640912.ch11 · Cited by 5
William Su Ting – China's Forgotten Palynologist
Edwards, K., & Mao, L.-M. (2020) · Palynology · doi:10.1080/01916122.2020.1844816 · Cited by 2
Unification of theories requires a postulate basis in common
Suntola, T. (2019) · Journal of Physics, Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1466/1/012003 · Cited by 2
Zhang, W.-J., Sun, Y.-L., Kelley, N., Lei, Y., & Li, Z. (2011) · doi:10.1140/epjp/i2011-11031-y · Cited by 2
The Evolution of the Earth-Moon System Based on the Dark Matter Field Fluid Model
Pan, H.-J. (2007) · International Journal of Physics · doi:10.12691/ijp-8-1-3 · Cited by 2
“Figure 2 shows the geological data of solar days/year from Wells [17] and from Sonett et al.”
MethodInfluentialFission and geosynchronous release of the Moon
Grjebine, T., & Marchal, C. (1980) · doi:10.1007/bf01259290 · Cited by 2
The moon as the origin of the Earth's continents
Grjebine, T. (1980) · doi:10.1007/bf01259292 · Cited by 2
The development of a chronobiologic time scale
Rosenberg, G. (1977) · doi:10.1080/09291017709359565 · Cited by 2
Huss, J. E. (2017) · Boston studies in the philosophy of science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53725-2_10 · Cited by 3
“Until they were recently respectively renamed Paleogene and Neogene, the Tertiary and Quaternary periods were vestiges of John Phillips’s (1829) periodization: Primary-Secondary-Tertiary-Quaternary.”
BackgroundInfluentialConstructing time series in cyclostratigraphy
Weedon, G. P. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535482.003 · Cited by 1
Additional methods of time-series analysis
Weedon, G. P. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535482.005 · Cited by 3
Tian, Y., & Shimizu, M. (1998) · doi:10.2331/fishsci.64.251 · Cited by 2
The dynamic universe: space as a spherically closed zero-energy system
Suntola, T. (2026) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2026.1827522 · Cited by 1
Earth's precession rate evolution and rapid fall during the Late Proterozoic
Waltham, D., & Green, M. (2024) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2024.119086 · Cited by 5
Nielsen, J. (2023) · Paleontological journal · doi:10.1134/s0031030123070109 · Cited by 1
“For instance, the patterns can serve records of subdaily tidal, daily, fort-nightly tidal and annual periodicities (Petersen, 1958; Wells, 1963; House and Farrow, 1968; Evans, 1972; Richardson et al., 1979; Ohno, 1982, 1985, 1989; Murakoshi et al., 1995; Nielsen and Nielsen, 2009).”
BackgroundPresentation of the 2012 Paleontological Society Medal to Bill Schopf
Bottjer, D. J. (2013) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1666/0022-3360-87.3.526 · Cited by 1
“Wells received the Paleontological Society Medal in 1974 for showing us, by his studies of fossil corals, that daylength 400 million years ago was shorter, ~22 hours per day instead of 24 and yielding a 400- rather than a 365-day year (Wells, 1963).”
BackgroundPerspectives of Human Development: Time, Space, and Chrononutrition
Wilson, D. W. (2012) · The Open Nutraceuticals Journal · doi:10.2174/1876396001205010066 · Cited by 1
“Self-replicating chemical systems in the Hadian eon presumably gave rise to prokaryotes(c4Ga) in which RNA was probably ‘king’, preceding DNA as the genetic material found in eukaryotes [8] (c2Ga), evolved through the complex system of endosymbiosis which geochronobiologically [9-11] became ultimately part of the phyl…”
The earth dynamic system: the earth rotation vs mantle convection
Chen, S.-P. (2010) · doi:10.4236/ns.2010.212162 · Cited by 1
“earth rotation speed and deformations related to the earth rotation has long been noticed [15-19].”
BackgroundGlobal tectonics under g having a minute westward tilt
Bostrom, R. (2006) · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2005.00661.x · Cited by 1
“…passage of the semi-diurnal lunar tidal bulge; furthermore, a similar value seems to have existed as far back as the Middle Devonian (350 Ma), as indicated by the observations of Wells (1963) (see also Varga et al. 1998) relating the growth ridges in fossil corals to the number of days in the year.”
BackgroundThe precise human bioclock, possibly imported.
Keskil, Z., & Keskil, S. (2002) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1054/mehy.2001.1530 · Cited by 1
The evolution of the Earth-Moon (-Sun) system and its impact on the geological record
Peter, T. (1995) · doi:10.1007/bf00806930 · Cited by 1
Growth rhythms, evolution of the Earth's interior, and origin of the Metazoa
Rosenberg, G. (1985) · Surveys in Geophysics · doi:10.1007/bf01450888 · Cited by 1
The state of stresses in the upper part of the earth's crust: A discussion
Voight, B. (1969) · doi:10.1016/0013-7952(69)90020-9 · Cited by 1
New Insights into Reef-Building Corals.
Muscatine, L. (1969) · doi:10.2307/4442638 · Cited by 1
New Integrals of Motion and the Orbital History of the Moon
Goudas, C. (1968) · Nature · doi:10.1038/218726a0 · Cited by 1
Tsuiki, H., Takiguchi, N., Yamakawa, T., & Aoki, I. (2004) · doi:10.2331/suisan.70.682 · Cited by 1
Origin and Evolution of the Moon
Kopal, Z. (1974) · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-2101-2_10 · Cited by 1
Manifestations of dark energy in the solar system
Křı́žek, M., & Somer, L. (2015) · Gravitation and Cosmology · doi:10.1134/s0202289315010090 · Cited by 15
Mechanical genesis of Henan (China) Yima thrust nappe structure
Cai, W., Dou, L.-M., He, J.-H., Liu, H.-S., Li, Z.-L., & Ding, Y.-L. (2014) · Journal of Central South University · doi:10.1007/s11771-014-2251-6
Liu, Z., Wu, H., Chu, R., Zhou, M., Shi, M., Gai, C., Yang, T., & Liu, Y. (2026) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2026.07.013
Yang, Q.-J., Liao, J., Zhao, N., Liu, C., & Yan, H. (2026) · Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113573
Are Humans Alone in the Cosmos?
Ross, H. N. (2025) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel16121589
“…have slowed its rotation from 3–4 h-per-day at the time of the Moon-forming event 4.47 billion years ago to about 21 h per day 488 million years ago, as evidenced by coral reef banding (Wells 1963; Zhang 2010), to the current 24 h-day rate that optimally meets the needs of human civilization.”
InfluentialKey, M. M., Smith, A. M., McDowell, M. S., & Dixon-Anderson, I. S. (2025) · Marine Ecology · doi:10.1111/maec.70038
“…are ideal for investigating environmental/climate change, such as dendrochronology in trees (Büntgen et al. 2011; Cook and Kairiukstis 1990), sclerochronology in corals (Lough 2010; Peirano et al. 2004; Wells 1963) and in clams (Butler et al. 2013; Rhoads and Lutz 1980; Wanamaker Jr. et al. 2016).”
A Coral Biomineralization Model for Dual Clumped Isotopes
Watkins, J. M., Jia, Q., Zhang, S., Devriendt, L. S., & Chen, S. (2025) · Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems · doi:10.1029/2025gc012263
“Corals are a particularly attractive target for paleoclimate reconstructions because a coral colony develops at a fixed location and its aragonite skeleton grows daily (Wells, 1963), offering an archive of seawater conditions with extraordinary temporal resolution.”
Parasitism as a Long‐Lasting Interaction—First Evidence From Paleozoic Corals
Zapalski, M., Król, J., Denayer, J., & Zatoń, M. (2025) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.71804
“It is generally accepted that couplets of dark–light zones represent annual increments (e.g., Wells 1963; Knutson et al. 1972; Weber et al. 1975; Lough and Cooper 2011).”
Сорохтин, Н. О., Козлов, Н. Е., Глазнев, В. Н., & Кудряшов, Н. М. (2024) · doi:10.37614/978.5.91137.517.1
Bi, S., Ye, J., Tian, P., & Ning, G. (2024) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00740
Late paleozoic climate revealed by coral fossil patterns
Zhang, W.-J., Li, J.-J., Cheng, X., Yu, H.-J., & Cai, S. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0290127
Lyakhnitskiy, Y. S., & Ka, Y.-Z. V. (2023) · Regional Geology and Metallogeny · doi:10.52349/0869-7892_2023_95_97-106
Kartashov, A. (2022) · Metaphysics · doi:10.22363/2224-7580-2022-2-8-20
A Study in Earth's Geological Evolution: References
(2020) · A Study in Earth's Geological Evolution · doi:10.1002/9781119651208.refs
WITHDRAWN: Kinematic model revisits high obliquity, high angular momentum Earth as Moon’s origin
Sharma, B. (2019) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.asr.2019.03.021
“2009) and that of length of Earth day (LOD) record in coral fossils 121 ( Wells 1963,1966) indicate that Earth-Moon is not just a Clockwork or orbitally fixed pair of 122 monoliths as viewed by Newton in Mathematica Principia but instead Earth-Moon system is a 123 tidally evolving system where Moon…”
BackgroundRetractedSecular Retardation of Earth’s and Mars’ Rotation: The Role of Velocity Dependent Inertial Induction
Ghosh, A., & Dey, U. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section A Physical Sciences · doi:10.1007/s40010-018-0493-7
Robertson, J. O., Chilingar, G. V., Sorokhtin, O. G., Sorokhtin, N. O., & Long, W. (2018) · The Evolution of Earth's Climate · doi:10.1002/9781119407072.refs
Non-Radiometric Dating of the Age of the Earth: Implications From FossilCoral Evidence
Mazhenov, N., & Shalkarbekov, S. (2015) · doi:10.4172/2277-1891.1000160
“Exhaustive knowledge on methodological aspects of geological theories and isotope time sequences has been demonstrated in many works, for example, the work by Wells [1].”
MethodA Journey into Quantization in Astrophysics
Florentin, S., & Christianto, V. (2015) · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.1502517.v1
Zhang, W.-J., & Yu, H.-J. (2011) · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.4487
“Original publication of Wells [2] submitted the idea that the small ridges and annulations on the epitheca of corals might represent, respectively, daily and yearly variation in skeletal deposition.”
BackgroundSpecial extension of the relativity of moving bodies: a case study
Adda, F. (2008) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.0808.3525
“This result concords with the outcomes in Paleochronobiology (study of organisms that record the resulting changing geophysical periodicity in their skeletons) establishing evidence for the fact that earth rotation was faster in the past ([38],[31],[28]).”
Result»Rugae« und Wachstumszonen bei Korallen
Flügel, H. (1977) · doi:10.1007/bf02986605
Pre-Apollo Theories About the Origin of the Moon
Cummings, W. D. (2019) · Historical & Cultural Astronomy · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29119-8_3
Autonomic Nervous System Function in Extinct Giants
Qualls, C., Lucas, S., & Appenzeller, O. (2017) · doi:10.4172/2168-9679.1000332
“Annual growth rates were then converted to daily growth rates using the appropriate number of days in the Mesozoic era (186 million days) [9].”
MethodKragh, H. (2016) · Science networks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24379-5_3
Origin of Earth, its Past and Future
Sorokhtin, O., Chilingar, G., & Sorokhtin, N. (2011) · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53757-7.00003-9
The Clockwork of the Solar System
Faure, G., & Mensing, T. (2007) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5544-7_7
Appendix – published algorithms for time-series analysis
Weedon, G. P. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535482.008
Environmental cycles recorded stratigraphically
Weedon, G. P. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535482.007 · Cited by 2
Weedon, G. P. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535482.001
The international atomic time and the PTB's clocks
Dorenwendt, K. (1992) · doi:10.1007/3-540-56180-3_7
Peale's 1799 Theory of the Earth
Yochelson, E. (1991) · doi:10.17704/eshi.10.1.876144718xp6gx30
How to Measure the Earth Rotation
Paquet, P. (1986) · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4750-4_3
Metadata
- Authors
- WELLS, J. W.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- WELLS, JOHN W.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1963-03
- Volume
- 197
- Issue
- 4871
- Pages
- 948-950
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2065073835
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 14.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
- Keywords
- coral growth, geochronology, coral dating, coral growth rate
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