The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Holography in artificial neural networks
Open accessAbstract
The dense interconnections that characterize neural networks are most readily implemented using optical signal processing. Optoelectronic 'neurons' fabricated from semiconducting materials can be connected by holographic images recorded in photorefractive crystals. Processes such as learning can be demonstrated using holographic optical neural networks.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
All-optical machine learning using diffractive deep neural networks
Lin, X., Rivenson, Y., Yardimci, N. T., Veli, M., Luo, Y., Jarrahi, M., & Ozcan, A. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aat8084 · Cited by 2,568
Orbital Angular Momentum Holography for High-Security Encryption
Fang, X., Ren, H., & Gu, M. (2020) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/s41566-019-0560-x · Cited by 894
Mengu, D., Luo, Y., Rivenson, Y., & Ozcan, A. (2020) · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1109/jstqe.2019.2921376 · Cited by 255
High-Efficiency Transmissive Tunable Metasurfaces for Binary Cascaded Diffractive Layers
Jia, Y., Lu, H., Fan, Z., Wu, B., Qu, F., Zhao, M.-J., Qian, C., & Chen, H. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · doi:10.1109/tap.2024.3385112 · Cited by 32
Metadata
- Authors
- Psaltis, D., Brady, D., Gu, X.-G., & Lin, S.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1990-01
- Volume
- 343
- Issue
- 6256
- Pages
- 325-330
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2028891317
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 13.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Holography in artificial neural networks. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/343325a0
- The paper
- Psaltis, D., Brady, D., Gu, X.-G., & Lin, S. (1990). Holography in artificial neural networks. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/343325a0
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.