Shaped-pulse optimization of coherent emission of high-harmonic soft X-rays
Open accessAbstract
When an intense laser pulse is focused into a gas, the light-atom interaction that occurs as atoms are ionized results in an extremely nonlinear optical process--the generation of high harmonics of the driving laser frequency. Harmonics that extend up to orders of about 300 have been reported, some corresponding to photon energies in excess of 500 eV. Because this technique is simple to implement and generates coherent, laser-like, soft X-ray beams, it is currently being developed for applications in science and technology; these include probing the dynamics in chemical and materials systems and imaging. Here we report that by carefully tailoring the shapes of intense light pulses, we can control the interaction of light with an atom during ionization, improving the efficiency of X-ray generation by an order of magnitude. We demonstrate that it is possible to tune the spectral characteristics of the emitted radiation, and to steer the interaction between different orders of nonlinear processes.
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The unique combination of quantum coherence and macroscopic physics has made it possible both to optimize emission to a particular harmonic order using pulse shaping [126], and to generate the smooth supercontinuum spectrum of a single attosecond burst [135, 136].
“The unique combination of quantum coherence and macroscopic physics has made it possible both to optimize emission to a particular harmonic order using pulse shaping [126], and to generate the smooth supercontinuum spectrum of a single attosecond burst [135, 136].”
From Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics (2018) · cites this paper as [126]
The dynamics of the HHG process itself represent the inception of attosecond science, where sub-optical cycle dynamics drives the physics, and the physics intrinsically drives the HHG process toward shorter, rather than longer, pulses.
“However, the implications have been profound-the dynamics of the process itself not only represent the inception of attosecond science [125, 126], where sub-optical cycle dynamics drives the physics, but also where the physics intrinsically drives the HHG process toward shorter, rather than longer, pulses.”
From Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics (2018) · cites this paper as [126]
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References 31 · Cited by 713
- Authors
- Bartels, R., Backus, S., Zeek, E., Misoguti, L., Vdovin, G., Christov, I. P., Murnane, M. M., & Kapteyn, H. C.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
- Delft University of Technology (NL)
- Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" (BG)
- Corresponding author
- Kapteyn, H. C.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2000-07
- Volume
- 406
- Issue
- 6792
- Pages
- 164-166
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1648925826
- Cited by
- 713
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 34.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Digital Collections of Colorado (Colorado State University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Keywords
- high harmonic generation, soft X-rays, pulse shaping, intense laser-matter interaction, ionization, nonlinear optics, spectral tuning
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