Cited by 1,744Geological and Geochemical AnalysisAstro and Planetary ScienceGeochemistry and Elemental Analysis

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago

Abstract

No crustal rocks are known to have survived since the time of the intense meteor bombardment that affected Earth between its formation about 4,550 Myr ago and 4,030 Myr, the age of the oldest known components in the Acasta Gneiss of northwestern Canada. But evidence of an even older crust is provided by detrital zircons in metamorphosed sediments at Mt Narryer and Jack Hills in the Narryer Gneiss Terrane, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia, where grains as old as approximately 4,276 Myr have been found. Here we report, based on a detailed micro-analytical study of Jack Hills zircons, the discovery of a detrital zircon with an age as old as 4,404+/-8 Myr--about 130 million years older than any previously identified on Earth. We found that the zircon is zoned with respect to rare earth elements and oxygen isotope ratios (delta18O values from 7.4 to 5.0%), indicating that it formed from an evolving magmatic source. The evolved chemistry, high delta18O value and micro-inclusions of SiO2 are consistent with growth from a granitic melt with a delta18O value from 8.5 to 9.5%. Magmatic oxygen isotope ratios in this range point toward the involvement of supracrustal material that has undergone low-temperature interaction with a liquid hydrosphere. This zircon thus represents the earliest evidence for continental crust and oceans on the Earth.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/35051550

Cites

26 of 26 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 27 references

1 of the 27 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. Ryder, G. Chronology of early bombardment in the inner solar system. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Progm 21, A299 ( 1992).
  2. Wilde, S. A. & Pidgeon, R. T. in 3rd International Archaean Symposium (Perth), Excursion Guidebook (eds Ho, S. E., Glover, J. E., Myers, J. S. & Muhling, J. R.) 82–95 (University of Western Australia Extension Publication, Vol. 21, Perth, 1990).
  3. Nelson, D. R. Compilation of SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology data, 1996. Geol. Surv. Western Australia Rec. 1997/2, 1–11 (1997).
  4. Muehlenbachs, K. in Stable Isotopes (eds Valley, J. W. et al.) MSA Rev. Min. 16, 425–444 ( 1986).
  5. Pidgeon, R. T. et al. in Eighth Int. Conf. Geochron., Cosmochron. Isotope Geol. (eds Lanphere, M. A., Dalrymple, G. B. & Turrin, B. D.) 251 (US Geological Survey Circular 1107, Denver, Colorado, 1994).
  6. Valley, J. W., Graham, C. M., Harte, B., Eiler, J. M. & Kinny, P. D. in Applications of Microanalysis to Understanding Mineralizing Processes (eds McKibben, M. A., Shanks III, W. C. & Ridley, W. I.) 73–98 ( xReviews in Economic Geology, Vol. 7, Society of Economic Geologists, Littleton, Colorado, 1998).

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 999

Metadata

Authors
Wilde, S. A., Valley, J. W., Peck, W. H., & Graham, C. M.
Affiliations
  • Curtin University (AU)
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
  • University of Edinburgh (GB)
Venue
Nature
Published
2001-01
Volume
409
Issue
6817
Pages
175-178
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W1615737483
Cited by
1,744
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 60 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 71 · 2018: 120 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 77 · 2015: 76 · 2014: 85 · 2013: 77 · 2012: 62
FWCI
57.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Keywords
detrital zircon, Jack Hills zircons, Yilgarn Craton, early Earth crust, early oceans, zircon oxygen isotopes, granitic melts, hydrosphere, Hf isotopes, Hadean

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review