The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evolution of nanoporosity in dealloying
Open accessAbstract
Dealloying is a common corrosion process during which an alloy is ‘parted’ by the selective dissolution of the most electrochemically active of its elements. This process results in the formation of a nanoporous sponge composed almost entirely of the more noble alloy constituents. Although considerable attention has been devoted to the morphological aspects of the dealloying process, its underlying physical mechanism has remained unclear. Here we propose a continuum model that is fully consistent with experiments and theoretical simulations of alloy dissolution, and demonstrate that nanoporosity in metals is due to an intrinsic dynamical pattern formation process. That is, pores form because the more noble atoms are chemically driven to aggregate into two-dimensional clusters by a phase separation process (spinodal decomposition) at the solid–electrolyte interface, and the surface area continuously increases owing to etching. Together, these processes evolve porosity with a characteristic length scale predicted by our continuum model. We expect that chemically tailored nanoporous gold made by dealloying Ag-Au should be suitable for sensor applications, particularly in a biomaterials context.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Free Energy of a Nonuniform System. I. Interfacial Free Energy
Cahn, J. W., & Hilliard, J. E. (1958) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1744102 · Cited by 10,437
Fractal Concepts in Surface Growth
Barabási, A. L., & Stanley, H. E. (1995) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511599798 · Cited by 3,925
Fractal Concepts in Surface Growth
Barabasi, A. L., Stanley, H. E., & Sander, L. M. (1995) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/1.2808215 · Cited by 3,290
Mullins, W. W. (1957) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1722742 · Cited by 2,629 · cited 1×
“Cahn–Hilliard diffusion also dominates capillarity-driven surface diffusion—the effect usually incorporated into interface evolution equation”
BackgroundFree Energy of a Nonuniform System. III. Nucleation in a Two-Component Incompressible Fluid
Cahn, J. W., & Hilliard, J. E. (1959) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1730447 · Cited by 2,013
Ductile-brittle transition in random porous Au
Li, R., & Sieradzki, K. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.1168 · Cited by 393
Self-citationCorrosion micromorphology of noble metal alloys and depletion gilding
Forty, A. J. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/282597a0 · Cited by 365
Newman, R. C., & Sieradzki, K. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.263.5154.1708 · Cited by 178
Self-citationCurvature Effects in Alloy Dissolution
Sieradzki, K. (1993) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2220924 · Cited by 174
Self-citationPre-Columbian Surface Metallurgy
Lechtman, H. (1984) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0684-56 · Cited by 135
Research works printed but not linked: 16
- Pickering, H. W. Characteristic features of alloy polarization curves. Corros. Sci. 23, 1107–1120 (1983). · doi:10.1016/0010-938x(83)90092-6
- Masing, G. Zur Theorie der Resistenzgrenzen in Mischkristallen. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 118, 293–308 (1921). · doi:10.1002/zaac.19211180127
- Williams, D. E., Newman, R. C., Song, Q. & Kelly, R. G. Passivity breakdown and pitting corrosion of binary alloys. Nature 350, 216–219 (1991). · doi:10.1038/350216a0
- Corcoran, S. in Critical Factors in Localized Corrosion III (eds Kelly, R. G., Frankel, G. S., Natishan, P. M. & Newman, R. C.) 500–507 (Electrochemical Society, Pennington, New Jersey, 2000).
- Pickering, H. W. & Wagner, C. Electrolytic dissolution of binary alloys containing a noble metal. J. Electrochem. Soc. 114, 698–706 (1967). · doi:10.1149/1.2426709
- Sieradzki, K., Corderman, R. R., Shukla, K. & Newman, R. C. Computer simulations of corrosion: selective dissolution of binary alloys. Phil. Mag. A 59, 713–746 (1989). · doi:10.1080/01418618908209817
- Wagner, C. Contribution to the theory of electropolishing. J. Electrochem. Soc. 101, 225–228 (1953). · doi:10.1149/1.2781235
- Erlebacher, J. in Dynamics of Crystal Surfaces and Interfaces (eds Duxbury, P. & Pence, T.) 24–28 (Plenum, New York, 1997).
- Wagner, K., Brankovic, S. R., Dmitrov, N. & Sieradzki, K. Dealloying below the critical potential. J. Electrochem. Soc. 144, 3545–3555 (1997). · doi:10.1149/1.1838046
- Hilliard, J. E. in Solidification 497–560 (American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio, 1971).
- Ben-Jacob, E., Goldenfeld, N., Langer, J. S. & Schon, G. Dynamics of interfacial pattern formation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 1930–1932 (1983). · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.51.1930
- Kessler, D. A., Koplik, J. & Levine, H. Geometrical models of interface evolution. II. Numerical simulation Phys. Rev. A 30, 3161–3174 (1984). · doi:10.1103/physreva.30.3161
- Hou, T. Y., Lowengrub, J. S. & Shelley, M. J. Removing the stiffness from interfacial flow with surface tension. J. Comp. Phys. 114, 312–338 (1994). · doi:10.1006/jcph.1994.1170
- Haasen, P. Physical Metallurgy, (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1986).
- Forty, A. J. in Sir Charles Frank: An 80th Birthday Tribute (ed. Chamber, R .G.) 164–187 (Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1991).
- Tulimieri, D. J., Yoon, J. & Chan, M. H. W. Ordering of helium mixtures in porous gold. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 121–124 (1999). · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.121
Cited by
Electrocatalyst approaches and challenges for automotive fuel cells
Debe, M. K. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11115 · Cited by 5,885
Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Shao, M., Chang, Q., Dodelet, J.-P., & Chenitz, R. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00462 · Cited by 3,903
Nanoalloys: From Theory to Applications of Alloy Clusters and Nanoparticles
Ferrando, R., Jellinek, J., & Johnston, R. L. (2008) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr040090g · Cited by 3,690
Lattice-strain control of the activity in dealloyed core–shell fuel cell catalysts
Strasser, P., Koh, S., Anniyev, T., Greeley, J., More, K., Yu, C., Liu, Z., Kaya, S., Nordlund, D., Ogasawara, H., et al. (2010) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.623 · Cited by 2,984
Highly Crystalline Multimetallic Nanoframes with Three-Dimensional Electrocatalytic Surfaces
Chen, C., Kang, Y., Huo, Z., Zhu, Z., Huang, W., Xin, H. L., Snyder, J. D., Li, D., Herron, J. A., Mavrikakis, M., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1249061 · Cited by 2,765
Metadata
- Authors
- Erlebacher, J., Aziz, M. J., Karma, A., Dimitrov, N., & Sieradzki, K.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 410
- Issue
- 6827
- Pages
- 450-453
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1883449737
- Cited by
- 2,753
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 12.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Evolution of nanoporosity in dealloying. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/35068529
- The paper
- Erlebacher, J., Aziz, M. J., Karma, A., Dimitrov, N., & Sieradzki, K. (2001). Evolution of nanoporosity in dealloying. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/35068529
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
