The DOI matches its Crossref record; 84 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The fossil record and the early evolution of the Metazoa
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Pre-Vendian animals are likely to have been small and soft-bodied, because known fossils of Precambrian animals lack hard parts (26) and thus would have had poor fossilization potential.”
From Testing the Cambrian explosion hypothesis by using a molecular dating technique (1998) · cites this paper as [26]
Citations
Cites
Wonderful life: the Burgess Shale and the nature of history
Gould, S. (1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-3873 · Cited by 3,001
Zircon U-Pb ages for the Early Cambrian time-scale
Compston, W., Williams, I. S., Kirschvink, J. L., Zhang, Z., & Guogan, M. (1992) · Journal of the Geological Society · doi:10.1144/gsjgs.149.2.0171 · Cited by 1,137
Molecular Phylogeny of the Animal Kingdom
Field, K. G., Olsen, G. J., Lane, D. J., Giovannoni, S. J., Ghiselin, M. T., Raff, E. C., Pace, N. R., & Raff, R. A. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3277277 · Cited by 749
The Early Evolution of Eukaryotes: A Geological Perspective
Knoll, A. H. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1585174 · Cited by 684
The origins and relationships of lower invertebrates
Morris, S. C. (1983) · Lethaia · doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1983.tb02002.x · Cited by 605
Self-citationDerry, L. A., Kaufman, A. J., & Jacobsen, S. B. (1992) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(92)90064-p · Cited by 600
Early evolution and the origin of eukaryotes
Sogin, M. L. (1991) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/s0959-437x(05)80192-3 · Cited by 500
Hox and HOM: Homologous gene clusters in insects and vertebrates
Akam, M. E. (1989) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90909-4 · Cited by 474
Vendobionta and Psammocorallia: lost constructions of Precambrian evolution
SEILACHER, A. (1992) · Journal of the Geological Society · doi:10.1144/gsjgs.149.4.0607 · Cited by 427
The Early Evolution of Metazoa and the Significance of Problematic Taxa.
Ghiselin, M. T., Simonetta, A. M., & Morris, S. C. (1993) · Systematic Biology · doi:10.2307/2992562 · Cited by 414
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 87 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 44
- Ax, P. in The Hierarchy of Life, Molecules and Morphology in Phylogenetic Analysis (eds Fernholm, B., Bremer, K. & Jörnval, H.) 229–245 (Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 1989).
- Patterson, C. in The Hierarchy of Life, Molecules and Morphology in Phylogenetic Analysis (eds Fernholm, B., Bremer, K. & Jörnval, H.) 471–488 (Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 1989).
- Ghiselin, M. T. Oxford Surv. Evol. Biol. 5, 66–95 (1988).
- Grotzinger, J. P. Am. J. Sci. 290A, 80–103 (1990).
- O'Brien, N. R. J. sedim. Petrol. 57, 449–455 (1987).
- Reichelt, A. C. Symp. zool. Soc. Lond. 63, 33–52 (1991).
- Harding, S. C. & Risk, M. J. J. sedim. Petrol. 56, 684–696 (1986).
- Aller, R. C. & Yingst, J. Y. J. mar. Res. 36, 201–254 (1978).
- Chen M. & Xiao, Z. Sci. Geol. Sinica 4, 317–324 (1991).
- Gehling, J. G. Mem. geol. Soc. India 20, 181–224 (1991).
- Jenkins, R. J. F. Mem. Ass. Australas. Palaeontol. 8, 307–317 (1989).
- Conway Morris, S. Palaeontology (in the press).
- Fedonkin, M. A. in The Vendian System: I. Paleontology (eds Sokolov, B. S. & Iwanowski) 71–120 (Springer, Berlin, 1990).
- Narbonne, G. M. & Hofmann, H. J. Palaeontology 30, 647–676 (1987).
- Alpert, S. P. J. Paleont. 47, 919–924 (1973).
- Chen Junyuan & Erdtmann, B.-D. in The Early Evolution of Metazoa and the Significance of Problematic Taxa (eds Simonetta, A. M. & Conway Morris, S.) 57–76 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1991).
- Bengtson, S., Conway Morris, S., Cooper, B. J., Jell, P. A. & Runnegar, B. N. Mem. Ass. Australas. Palaeontol. 9, 1–364 (1990).
- Missarzhevsky, V. V. Oldest Skeletal Fossils and Stratigraphy of Precambrian and Cambrian Boundary Beds (Nauka, Moscow, 1989).
- Conway Morris, S. & Robison, R. A. Univ. Kansas Paleont. Contrib. Pap. 122, 1–48 (1988).
- Tynan, M. C. J. Paleont. 57, 1188–1211 (1983).
- Grant, S. W. F. Am. J. Sci. 290A, 261–294 (1990).
- Simonetta, A. & Cave, L. D. Atti Soc. tosc. Sci. nat. Mem. 85A, 45–49 (1978).
- Valentine, J. W., Awramik, S. M., Signor, P. W. & Sadler, P. M. Evol. Biol. 25, 279–356 (1991).
- Kirschvink, J. L., Magaritz, M., Ripperdan, R. L., Zhuravlev, A. Yu. & Rozanov, A. Yu. Geol. Soc. Am. Today 1, 69–71, 87, 91 (1991).
- Conway Morris, S. and Chen, M. Palaeontology 34, 357–397 (1992).
- Repetski, J. E. Science 200, 529–531 (1978). · DOI
- Peel, J. S. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 91, 111–115 (1979).
- Durham, J. W. J. Paleont. 48, 750–755 (1974).
- Sun, W. & Hou, X. Acta Palaeont. Sin. 26, 257–271 (1987).
- Clarke, J. M. Bull. N.Y. State Mus. 39, 172–178 (1900).
- Dzik, J. in The Early Evolution of Metazoa and the Significance of Problematic Taxa (eds Simonetta, A. M. & Conway Morris, S.) 47–56 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1991).
- Alessandrello, A., Pinna, G. & Teruzzi, G. Atti Soc. ital. Sci. nat. Museo civil. storia natur. 129, 139–145 (1988).
- Hou, X. & Bergström, J. in The Early Evolution of Metazoa and the Significance of Problematic Taxa (eds Simonetta, A. M. & Conway Morris, S.) 179–187 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge 1991).
- Whittington, H. B. & Briggs, D. E. G. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B309, 569–609 (1985).
- Chen, J., Hou, X. & Lu, H. Acta Palaeont. Sin. 28, 1–16 (1989).
- Hou, X. & Chen, J. Acta Palaeont. Sin. 28, 32–41 (1989).
- Andres, D. Berl. geowiss. Abh. A106, 9–19 (1989).
- Conway Morris, S. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B285, 227–274 (1979).
- Southward, E. C. Symp. zool. Soc. Lond. 36, 235–251 (1975).
- Turbeville, J. M., Field, K. G. & Raff, R. A. Molec. Biol. Evol. 9, 235–249 (1992).
- Galimova, V. S. in Cambrian of the Siberia and the Middle Asia (eds Zhuravleva, I. T. & Repina, L. N.) 185–190 (Nauka, Moscow, 1988).
- Conway Morris, S. Spec. Pap. Palaeont. 20, 1–95 (1977).
- Hou, X. & Sun, W. Acta Palaeont. Sin. 27, 1–12 (1988).
- Khomentovskii, V. V. & Karlova, G. A. in Late Precambrian and Early Palaeozoic of Siberia (ed. Khomentovskii, V. V.) 3–40 (Novosibirsk, 1991).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–392 of 392
Müller, W. E. G., Wang, X., Zeng, L., & Schröder, H. C. (2007) · Chinese Science Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0402-y · Cited by 7
Nelson, L. L., & Smith, E. F. (2019) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g46473.1 · Cited by 7
Epidermal ciliary ultrastructure of adult and larval sipunculids (Sipunculida)
Lundin, K., & Schänder, C. (2003) · Acta Zoologica · doi:10.1046/j.1463-6395.2003.00136.x · Cited by 7
Stephen J. Gould, les mitrates et les monstres
Lefèbvre, B. (2003) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2003.09.011 · Cited by 7
The Importance of Predation to the Course of Human and Other Animal Evolution
Brain, C. K. (1995) · The South African Archaeological Bulletin · doi:10.2307/3889057 · Cited by 7
Spencer, A. N. (1995) · American Zoologist · doi:10.1093/icb/35.6.520 · Cited by 7
An interest‐based rights ethic for wildlife management and applications to behavioral training
Sommer, N. R., & Ferraro, K. M. (2021) · Conservation Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/csp2.616 · Cited by 6
(2009) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.001.0001 · Cited by 7
The earliest fossil record of the animals and its significance
Budd, G. E. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0001 · Cited by 6
Incorporating ecological and biogeochemical information into irrigation models
Koretsky, C. M., Meile, C. D., & Cappellen, P. V. (2005) · Coastal and estuarine studies · doi:10.1029/ce060p0341 · Cited by 6
Do we owe our intelligence to a predatory past? / C.K. Brain.
Brain, C. K. (2001) · American Museum of Natural History eBooks · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.15836 · Cited by 6
Geyer, G. (1998) · Paläontologische Zeitschrift · doi:10.1007/bf02987812 · Cited by 6
Hoffmann, F. (2003) · doi:10.53846/goediss-2374 · Cited by 6
A fossilized ventral ganglion reveals a chaetognath affinity for Cambrian nectocaridids
Vinther, J., Parry, L. A., Lee, M., Nielsen, M. L., Oh, Y., Park, C., Kihm, J., Vivo, G. D., Harper, D. A. T., Nielsen, A. T., et al. (2025) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adu6990 · Cited by 5
Paleoclimate and Evolution: Emergence of Sponges During the Neoproterozoic
Müller, W. E. G., Wang, X., & Schröder, H. C. (2009) · Progress in molecular and subcellular biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-88552-8_3 · Cited by 5
Cario‐Toumaniantz, C., Nicaise, G., & Hernandez‐Nicaise, M. (1996) · Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility · doi:10.1007/bf00140327 · Cited by 5
Cell Lineages in Larval Development and Evolution of Echinoderms
Raff, R. A. (1999) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012730935-4/50009-2 · Cited by 5
Calyx plate homologies and early evolutionary history of the Crinoidea
Ausich, W. I. (1997) · The Paleontological Society Papers · doi:10.1017/s1089332600000309 · Cited by 5
Strayer, D. L., & Hummon, W. D. (2001) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012690647-9/50008-9 · Cited by 5
Evolutionary analysis of genes involved in early embryonic pattern formation in Drosophila
Tautz, D. (1994) · Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Polarization Phenomena in Nuclear Reactions · doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-7527-1_30 · Cited by 4
Peel, A. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0016 · Cited by 4
Denis, H., & Mignot, J. (1994) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.4267/10608/2659 · Cited by 4
Early Cambrian microfossils from the cherts in carbonates of the Kuruktag area, the Tarim block
Zhang, Z., Ou, Z., Li, H., Li, S., Wu, J., & Meng, F. (2023) · Carbonates and Evaporites · doi:10.1007/s13146-023-00854-0 · Cited by 3
Two Unusual Small Shelly Fossils from the Lower Cambrian of Southeastern Shaanxi Province, China
Moore, J. L., Porter, S., & Li, G. (2014) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1666/13-065 · Cited by 4
The origins and evolution of the Ecdysozoa
Telford, M. J., Bourlat, S. J., Economou, A. D., Papillon, D., & Rota‐Stabelli, O. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0008 · Cited by 4
Origins of metazoan body plans: the larval revolution
Raff, R. A. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0005 · Cited by 3
Lens crystallins of invertebrates
Tomarev, S. I., & Piatigorsky, J. (1996) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60659-5_1 · Cited by 3
Reassembling animal evolution: a four-dimensional puzzle
Telford, M. J., Timothy, D. J., & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0018 · Cited by 2
Beldade, P., & Saenko, S. V. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0017 · Cited by 2
Thomas, A. L. R. (1998) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01510-9 · Cited by 2
Sequence Analyses to Study the Evolutionary History and Cis-Regulatory Elements of Hedgehog Genes
Müller, F., & Borycki, A. (2007) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-516-9_16 · Cited by 1
Metzler, D. E., Metzler, C. M., & Sauke, D. J. (2001) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012492543-4/50004-0 · Cited by 2
Rosslenbroich, B. (2004) · Goetheanum · doi:10.18756/edn.81.40 · Cited by 1
Phanerozoic evolution—Ediacaran biota
Cabej, N. R. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814311-7.00002-0 · Cited by 2
陈, 哲., 袁, 训., 万, 斌., Xiao, S., 周, 传., 关, 成., 华, 洪., & 王, 伟. (2012) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/csb2012-57-34-3219
Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised), vol. 6, References and Index
Williams, A. (2007) · Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology · doi:10.17161/dt.v0i0.5525 · Cited by 1
Schroeder, N. I., Paterson, J. R., & Brock, G. A. (2017) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.92 · Cited by 1
RetractedBarbieri, M. (2024) · Biosemiotics/Biosemiotics. Bookseries · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-58484-8_9 · Cited by 1
Biomathematics and Extensive Quantum Statistics of DNA and Biology
Chang, Y. (2025) · European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences · doi:10.59324/ejtas.2025.3(2).36 · Cited by 1
Wang, X., Yang, B., An, Z., & Zhao, Z. (2025) · Minerals · doi:10.3390/min15060570 · Cited by 1
Control of Cell Proliferation During Development and Animal Evolution
Brink, N. G. (1998) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-11829-0_1 · Cited by 1
Arbab, A. I. (2008) · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74635-7_2 · Cited by 1
Biomedicinals from the Microbial Metagenomes of Marine Invertebrates
Dunlap, W. C., Long, P. F., & Jaspars, M. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118010549.ch50 · Cited by 1
Grossgebauer, K. (1995) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/0306-9877(95)90238-4 · Cited by 1
Gelatinöses Zooplankton – materialsparende Leichtbauweise im Ozean
Schneider, G. F. (1999) · Biologie in unserer Zeit · doi:10.1002/biuz.960290205 · Cited by 1
Boore, J. L., & Fuerstenberg, S. I. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0013 · Cited by 1
Observations and perspectives on the variation of biodiversityPreprint
Li, D. J. (2018) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1807.01828 · Cited by 1
Chela-Flores, J. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4838-2_5 · Cited by 1
曾, 令., He, I., 王, 晓., & We, R. (2007) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/csb2007-52-12-1372
Thomas, A. (1998) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01397-4 · Cited by 1
The animal in the genome: comparative genomics and evolution
Copley, R. R. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0014 · Cited by 1
Fossilien vom Typ der Ediacara (Vendium, jüngstes Proterozoikum) in Europa
Morris, S. C. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-57198-5_2
Self-citationEarly Cambrian Problematic Lophotrochozoans and Dilemmas of Scleritome Reconstructions
Larsson, C. M. (2012) · Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University)
Klein, J., & Takahata, N. (2002) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-04847-4_9
The tectonic cause of mass extinctions and the genomic contribution to biodiversificationPreprint
Li, D. J. (2012) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1212.4229
Conquête des milieux au coursdes temps phanérozoïques
Babin, C. (1997) · Geobios · doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(97)80069-1
A theoretical integration of Cambrian explosion and post-Permian quiescence.
Takahara, Y., & Ono, N. (1997) · Bio Systems · doi:10.1016/s0303-2647(97)00029-4
Insights from Sponge Transcriptomes & Physiology about the Early Evolution of Nervous Systems
Farrar, N. R. (2014) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r3183485q
A statistical approach to genome size evolution: Observations and explanationsPreprint
Li, D. J. (2015) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/031963
Molecular Clocks and the Origin of Animals
Ayala, F. J., Rzhetsky, A., & Ayala, F. J. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4830-6_10
From the age of prokaryotes to the emergence of eukaryotes
Chela-Flores, J. (2011) · Cellular origin and life in extreme habitats · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-1627-8_5
Li, D. J. (2015) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/017988
Barbieri, M. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14535-8_6
Complexity, the Role of Oxygen in Evolution of
Burmester, T. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800049-6.00269-9
Moore, J. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511754760.022
The Rise of Complex Animals (and Plants)
Schulze‐Makuch, D., & Bains, W. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-62045-9_9
Stríkis, P. C. (2018) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.44.2018.tde-26042018-095244
Der Aufstieg komplexer Tiere und Pflanzen
Schulze‐Makuch, D., & Bains, W. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-58430-9_9
Scapini, E. B. F., & Scapini, F. (2006) · Atti · doi:10.36253/88-8453-368-6
Thomson, D. (2014) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2014-10232
Rosslenbroich, B. (2005) · Goetheanum · doi:10.18756/edn.82.107
From the age of prokaryotes to the origin of eukaryotes
Chela-Flores, J. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0822-8_6
Větvička, V., & Šíma, P. (1998) · Birkhäuser Basel eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8835-6_4
Torday, J. S., & Miller, W. B. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38133-2_16
Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised), vol. 2 & 3, References and Index
(2000) · Paleontological Institute, University of Kansas eBooks · doi:10.17161/dt.v0i0.5214
Lowe, C. J. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0010
The Enigma of the Cambrian Explosion
(2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-21848-3_7
(2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374855-3.00027-3
(2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.002.0004
(2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.002.0003
(2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.002.0007
(2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.002.0008
Safadi, A., Lovell, S. C., & Doig, A. J. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-44118-2
The Role of Oxygen in Evolution of Complexity
Fabrizius, A., & Burmester, T. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15750-9.00022-7
Characterization of the Hox patterning genes in acoel flatworms
González, E. M. (2010) · Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)
Wang, X., Hua, H., Luo, J., Hou, Y., Gong, M., Zhang, S., Wang, X., Wu, Z., Tan, Y., Yu, L., et al. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6123655
Wang, X., Hua, H., Luo, J., Hou, Y., Gong, M., Zhang, S., Wang, X., Wu, Z., Tan, Y., Ling, Y., et al. (2026) · Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.114044
Evolution of the Transporting Epithelium Phenotype
Cereijido, M., Garcı́a-Villegas, R., Shoshani, L., & Contreras, R. G. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-36673-3_1
Dewel (2000) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4687(200001)243:1
Metadata
- Authors
- Morris, S. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Morris, S. Conway
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1993-01
- Volume
- 361
- Issue
- 6409
- Pages
- 219-225
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2143380472
- Semantic Scholar
- 193c8ab078f0d9e9d74e7abe10305f7a72809b0f
- Cited by
- 389
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 41.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Keywords
- animals, early animal evolution, fossil record, multicellular animals, metazoan phylogeny, Cambrian explosion, molecular phylogeny
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review