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Use of Pharmacogenetic and Clinical Factors to Predict the Therapeutic Dose of Warfarin

Open access
Gage, BF, Eby, C, Johnson, JA, Deych, E, Rieder, MJ, Ridker, PM, Milligan, PE, Grice, G, Lenzini, P, Rettie, AE, Aquilante, CL, Grosso, L, Marsh, S, Langaee, T, Farnett, LE, Voora, D, Veenstra, DL, Glynn, RJ, Barrett, A, McLeod, HL·2008·Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Abstract

Initiation of warfarin therapy using trial-and-error dosing is problematic. Our goal was to develop and validate a pharmacogenetic algorithm. In the derivation cohort of 1,015 participants, the independent predictors of therapeutic dose were: VKORC1 polymorphism -1639/3673 G>A (-28% per allele), body surface area (BSA) (+11% per 0.25 m(2)), CYP2C9(*)3 (-33% per allele), CYP2C9(*)2 (-19% per allele), age (-7% per decade), target international normalized ratio (INR) (+11% per 0.5 unit increase), amiodarone use (-22%), smoker status (+10%), race (-9%), and current thrombosis (+7%). This pharmacogenetic equation explained 53-54% of the variability in the warfarin dose in the derivation and validation (N= 292) cohorts. For comparison, a clinical equation explained only 17-22% of the dose variability (P < 0.001). In the validation cohort, we prospectively used the pharmacogenetic-dosing algorithm in patients initiating warfarin therapy, two of whom had a major hemorrhage. To facilitate use of these pharmacogenetic and clinical algorithms, we developed a nonprofit website, http://www.WarfarinDosing.org.

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Metadata

Authors
Gage, B., Eby, C., Johnson, J., Deych, E., Rieder, M., Ridker, P., Milligan, P., Grice, G., Lenzini, P., Rettie, A., Aquilante, C., Grosso, L., Marsh, S., Langaee, T., Farnett, L., Voora, D., Veenstra, D., Glynn, R., Barrett, A., & McLeod, H.
Venue
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2008-02-27
Volume
84
Issue
3
Pages
326-331
ISSN
  • 0009-9236 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-6535
OpenAlex
W2151936813
Cited by
847
References
31
FWCI
59.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Use of Pharmacogenetic and Clinical Factors to Predict the Therapeutic Dose of Warfarin. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/clpt.2008.10
The paper
Gage, B., Eby, C., Johnson, J., Deych, E., Rieder, M., Ridker, P., Milligan, P., Grice, G., Lenzini, P., Rettie, A., Aquilante, C., Grosso, L., Marsh, S., Langaee, T., Farnett, L., Voora, D., Veenstra, D., Glynn, R., Barrett, A., & McLeod, H. (2008). Use of Pharmacogenetic and Clinical Factors to Predict the Therapeutic Dose of Warfarin. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2008.10

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.