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Cited by 888

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma: IMWG consensus perspectives risk factors for progression and guidelines for monitoring and management

Open access
Kyle, R A, Durie, B G M, Rajkumar, S V, Landgren, O, Blade, J, Merlini, G, Kröger, N, Einsele, H, Vesole, D H, Dimopoulos, M, San Miguel, J, Avet-Loiseau, H, Hajek, R, Chen, W M, Anderson, K C, Ludwig, H, Sonneveld, P, Pavlovsky, S, Palumbo, A, Richardson, P G, Barlogie, B, Greipp, P, Vescio, R, Turesson, I, Westin, J, Boccadoro, M, on behalf of the International Myeloma Working Group·2010·Leukemia
DOI 10.1038/leu.2010.60
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Abstract

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) was identified in 3.2% of 21 463 residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, 50 years of age or older. The risk of progression to multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, AL amyloidosis or a lymphoproliferative disorder is approximately 1% per year. Low-risk MGUS is characterized by having an M protein <15 g/l, IgG type and a normal free light chain (FLC) ratio. Patients should be followed with serum protein electrophoresis at six months and, if stable, can be followed every 2–3 years or when symptoms suggestive of a plasma cell malignancy arise. Patients with intermediate and high-risk MGUS should be followed in 6 months and then annually for life. The risk of smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma (SMM) progressing to multiple myeloma or a related disorder is 10% per year for the first 5 years, 3% per year for the next 5 years and 1–2% per year for the next 10 years. Testing should be done 2–3 months after the initial recognition of SMM. If the results are stable, the patient should be followed every 4–6 months for 1 year and, if stable, every 6–12 months.

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Metadata

Authors
Kyle, R. A., Durie, B. G. M., Rajkumar, S. V., Landgren, O., Blade, J., Merlini, G., Kröger, N., Einsele, H., Vesole, D. H., Dimopoulos, M., San Miguel, J., Avet-Loiseau, H., Hajek, R., Chen, W. M., Anderson, K. C., Ludwig, H., Sonneveld, P., Pavlovsky, S., Palumbo, A., Richardson, P. G., Barlogie, B., Greipp, P., Vescio, R., Turesson, I., Westin, J., Boccadoro, M., & on behalf of the International Myeloma Working Group
Venue
Leukemia
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2010-04-22
Volume
24
Issue
6
Pages
1121-1127
ISSN
  • 0887-6924 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5551
DOI
10.1038/leu.2010.60
OpenAlex
W2170515647
Cited by
888
References
3
FWCI
29.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma: IMWG consensus perspectives risk factors for progression and guidelines for monitoring and management. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/leu.2010.60
The paper
Kyle, R. A., Durie, B. G. M., Rajkumar, S. V., Landgren, O., Blade, J., Merlini, G., Kröger, N., Einsele, H., Vesole, D. H., Dimopoulos, M., San Miguel, J., Avet-Loiseau, H., Hajek, R., Chen, W. M., Anderson, K. C., Ludwig, H., Sonneveld, P., Pavlovsky, S., Palumbo, A., . . . on behalf of the International Myeloma Working Group. (2010). Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma: IMWG consensus perspectives risk factors for progression and guidelines for monitoring and management. Leukemia. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2010.60

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.